Scientists can't observe bonds breaking or forming, so how do they distinguish between exothermic and endothermic reactions? Young scholars complete two experiments to do just that. They monitor temperature change and calculate the...

My room isn't messy — it's a scientific experiment in entropy! Scholars investigate entropy, enthalpy, and spontaneity through a guided procedure and set of questions. The lesson connects the Second Law of Thermodynamics, energy...

Lesson 19 in the series of 36 analyzes the element hydrogen and the s-block elements. Through readings, answering questions, and discussion, learners write about and explain their occurrence, physical and chemical properties, and...

Buoys around our coastlines are equipped with sensory devices which monitor temperature, salinity, and water pressure. Emerging earth scientists examine some of this data and relate salinity to the electrical conductivity of the surface...

Alone, or as part of the intended unit on chemical reactions, this activity allows learners to experience an exothermic reaction. Here, learners add calcium chloride to a baking soda solution and watch the temperature rise! They will...

Budding chemists achieve a basic understanding of the role of heat in chemical reactions. An online worksheet gives learners instructions and questions to answer as they investigate the Chem4Kids website and perform a hands-on lab...

High schoolers test different water solutions for the presence of ions. In this water testing lesson plan, students test for iron, calcium, chloride and sulfate ions in solutions. They indicate positive tests based on their results and...

Salinity is the focus of two experimenters that work to answer the question, How does salt change the physical properties of water? Super scientists compare the freezing rate of salt and fresh water, combine the two waters to...

Putting glow sticks in the freezer makes them last longer, but why is that? Lesson focuses on how temperature impacts the rate of a chemical reaction. It begins with a teacher demonstration, then scholars design their own experiments...

Viewers learn how to identify the substances in a chemical reaction, how to balance it, and the different types of chemical reactions by watching a presentation that also includes a review of monomers and polymers. The presentation...

A total of five experiments lead chemistry pros to understand the difference between physical and chemical change. They also experiment with exothermic reaction factors that affect rate of reaction. The procedures are not written in the...

This is an apt assignment for chemistry takers that are studying ionic solutions. Eight questions require problem solving and critical thinking to answer. The first question instructs learners to use a table in the textbook, but you can...

In this stoichiometry worksheet, students solve several problems using the stoichiometric method. Students find the percent, theoretical, and actual yield for all problems presented.

The heat of solution measures how much thermal energy a dissolving substance consumes or gives off. The experiment demonstrates both endothermic and exothermic reactions. Scholars dissolve several substances, measure the temperature...

Students experiment to determine the composition of ocean water. For this ocean water composition lesson, students color in a grid that shows the percentage of each of the components of ocean water which include chloride, sodium,...

What occurs when a hydrate is heated? Lead your class in exploring the answer to this question as they investigate the properties of a hydrated compound. They heat copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate and evaporate the water...

In this compounds worksheet, students practice naming compounds and classifying them as ionic, covalent, or polyatomic compounds. This worksheet has 12 fill in the blank and 12 problems to solve.

In this naming and covalent compounds worksheet, learners name 12 compounds using a chart of polyatomic ions if needed. They also draw covalent bonds in 6 compounds and answer 6 questions about ionic bonds, covalent bonds and polyatomic...

Students work together to test water samples for pollutants. They design data tables to collect and record their observations. They complete discussion questions to end the lesson.

Chemical and physical properties give compounds an identity. Learners use the identity of a compound to predict what it is. By performing different tests like solubility, flame, heat, and reactions, individuals attempt to identify an...

In this chemistry worksheet, students determine the vapor pressure of a solution when dissolved in water at a set temperature. Then they determine the vapor pressure of this solution at a higher temperature. Students also explain the...

High schoolers discuss how hydrothermal fluid is different from seawater and what happens to it as it passes through the oceanic crust. They observe and manipulate calcuim chloride and baking soda to comprehend how precipates form.

Students investigate the freezing point depression of water while making ice cream. In this colligative properties lesson plan, students make ice cream using ice, salt and water to freeze milk and sugar. They measure the temperature of...

In this chemical reactions activity, students review the solubility rules for common salts. Students determine the molecular equation, ionic equation, and net ionic equation for specific reactions. Students calculate moles and volume for...