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National Council of Teachers of Mathematics

The Math Forum: Famous Problems in the History of Mathematics

For Students 9th - 10th
On this site, there are several math problems to explore and solve. Look through some solutions by famous mathematicians and expand your thinking about some interesting math concepts. Teachers of elementary grades may want to use this...
Article
Texas A&M University

Texas a & M University: The Origins of Greek Mathematics [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the history of Greek mathematics and the major figures and schools of mathematics.
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Mac Tutor History of Mathematics: Christiaan Huygens

For Students 9th - 10th
Biography of Dutch mathematician Christiaan Huygens. Hyperlinks to related information.
Handout
Other

St. Lawrence University: Brief History of Mesopotamia

For Students 9th - 10th
A paper which discusses the accomplishments of early Mesopotamian society in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, and literature.
Handout
Other

Ancient Greek Philosophy: Zeno of Elea

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the little that is known of Zeno of Elea's life. Also discusses his denial of motion and plurality hypothesis. He explained his ideas using paradoxes that continue to challenge intellectual minds today, and that have had a big...
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Mathematics History Overview

For Students 9th - 10th
The University of St. Andrews allows you to link to many famous mathematicians and mathematical events from Babylonian mathematics in 2000 B.C. to mathematical discoveries in the 20th Century.
Article
Other

History World: History of Greek Science

For Students 9th - 10th
Presents the history of Greek science from the 6th century BC to the 2nd century AD. Navigate using the menu on the left. Covers major figures in science and mathematics, their theories and beliefs, and the influence they had, as well as...
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: History of Set Theory

For Students 9th - 10th
This page, which is provided for by the University of St. Andrews, traces the history of Set Theory as well as the concept of infinity and the infinite set.
Website
Other

Living Math!: Math History and Mathematicians

For Students 9th - 10th
A good starting point for research into the history of Mathematics. Information is organized into time periods with lists of famous mathematicians and scientists.
Website
Smithsonian Institution

National Museum of American History: Teaching Math & Science in Age of Sputnik

For Students 9th - 10th
Why did the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik throw the fields of mathematics and science into tremendous demand in the United States? Find the many ways this revolutionary event impacted children from the 1950s to become the...
Website
Other

History of Islamic Science 3: The Time of Al Razi

For Students 9th - 10th
In-depth look at Islamic society during the time of al-Razi. Discusses "Arabic Mathematics and Astronomy," "Muslim Alchemy and Physics," "Muslim Medicine," and several well-known individuals such as al-Mahani, inb Yusuf, al-Nairizi, ibn...
Website
Rice University

Rice University: Cynthia Lanius: Mathematics of Cartography

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Can there be a connection between map making and math? Explore the mathematics of cartography in this resource that integrates web-based instruction, mathematical problem solving, geometry, history, and art. Interesting information and...
Handout
Stephen Byrne

History for Kids: Ancient Greek Science

For Students 1st - 7th
Overview of the history of science in Greece during the Hellenistic age when Greek culture mingled with Persia and many advancements were made. Teacher resources include worksheets, activities and quizzes.
Handout
Rice University

Rice Univ.: Cynthia Lanius: Mathematics of Cartography: History of Mapmaking

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Surveys the history of mapmaking from prehistoric to current times with an illustrated chronology.
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Albert Girard

For Students 9th - 10th
In trigonometry today, we use the abbreviations sin, cosine and tan. Girard was the first mathematician to use these abbreviations in his work.
Article
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Greek Number Systems

For Students 9th - 10th
A comprehensive discussion of Greek number systems of the first millennium BC, including acrophonic and alphabetical. Includes examples demonstrating the lack of a truly unified system among the Greek islands.
Handout
Math Is Fun

Math Is Fun: The Evolution of Numbers

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Discusses what numbers are and how our understanding of them has evolved over thousands of years, from simple counting to negative numbers and irrational numbers, for example. Includes a set of practice questions where students identify...
Handout
Tech Target

What Is: Irrational Number

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
A counterpart problem in measurement would be to find the length of the diagonal of a square whose side is one unit long; there is no subdivision of the unit length that will divide evenly into the length of the diagonal. It thus became...
Unit Plan
PBS

Pbs: Base 60: Babylonian Decimals

For Students 3rd - 5th Standards
Explore a brief history of mathematics in Mesopotamia through the Babylonian Base 60 number system. This video focuses on how a base 60 system does not use fractions or repeating decimals, some of the advantages of a base 60 system, and...
Activity
University of Cambridge

University of Cambridge: Maths and Sports: Project Ideas: World Records

For Students 9th - 10th
This activity suggests a number of investigative projects, focusing on athletics and swimming, exploring some of the trends between performances in different sports at the same time in history and in the rate of improvement of records...
Handout
Other

Ellinogermaniki Agogi: Eratosthenes Experiment

For Students 9th - 10th
A profile of the ancient Greek mathematician, geographer, and astronomer, Eratosthenes. Looks at his many accomplishments, including measuring the circumference of the Earth and the distance to the Moon and the Sun. Includes links to...
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Thomas Young

For Students 9th - 10th
A short biographical sketch of Thomas Young's (1863- 1942) life as a mathematician and a scientist. Gives an account of his birth and the final years of his life.
Handout
Science Struck

Science Struck: Father of Calculus Newton or Leibniz?

For Students 9th - 10th
Discusses the continuing debate over who was the founder of calculus, Sir Isaac Newton or Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz.
Graphic
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Epicycloid

For Students 9th - 10th
Very cool site. Allows you to zoom in/out and add evolutes, involutes, etc.

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