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The law of energy conservation may be the most fundamental law in physics. It says that overall energy is always conserved. It can never be created nor destroyed - it can only change form. But this law...

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Why does the speed of light change in different media? or Does it? How photons always travel at the same speed, but the speed of light cha

nges.

In 1905 Einstein proposed the theory of special...

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How is mass and energy the same thing? What is mass really? If you weigh 80kg and are in a car moving 100km/hr, your energy is equal to about 30000 joules. But did you know that the energy you have standing...

The explanation covers the electron configurations, quantum mechanics, and relativistic effects that determine these properties. This video is perfect for anyone curious about the science behind element properties....

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The idea that there may be different versions of you comes from the concept of multiverses. There are many types of multiverses in physics. But at least two multiverse concepts based on generally accepted and...

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What if time is not real, but an illusion? Isaac Newton believed time was absolute and ticked at the same rate for everyone, everywhere. But Albert Einstein shattered that view with the theory of relativity....

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Where did the first atom come from? The short answer is the big bang. In the early universe there was an immense amount of energy, The energy condensed, atoms formed. But there's a lot more that...

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By the end of 1905, we had two big new equations in physics. Max Planck’s, Energy equals Planck’s constant times the frequency, and Einstein’s Energy equals the mass times the speed of light squared. A...

The original paper by the authors who first performed the Delayed Choice Quantum Eraser implied retro causality. But retro causality is true only if you assume a classical way of thinking. But that's not the way quantum mechanics works.

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In 1976, Stephen Hawing proposed that Black Holes, do something impossible according to the laws of quantum mechanics. They destroy information. This is a paradox because information should be conserved in the...

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What if gravity repelled instead of attracted? Repulsive gravity may have shaped the entire history of our universe. For centuries gravity was defined by Isaac Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation which...

Five areas of physics worth remembering: Classical mechanics, energy and thermodynamics, electromagnetism, Relativity, and Quantum Mechanics. Classical mechanics - two main concepts worth knowing. The first is...

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Everything you can see is made of up of the same fundamental particles. The best theory of fundamental particles and forces is the Standard model of particle physi

cs.

It’s really...

Part 2 in our Multiverse series.

The principal quantum number (𝑛) is a fundamental parameter in quantum mechanics that determines the size and energy level of an electron's orbit within an atom. It is a positive integer that represents the main energy level or...

In a hydrogen atom, the electron is bound to the nucleus, so its energy is negative. This shows that it is in a bound state. When there is negative energy, it means that the electron is stable. It is inside the atom because its...

Max Planck's theory was  proposed by Max Planck in 1900 revolutionized the field of physics by introducing quantum mechanics and fundamentally reshaping our comprehension of the subject. Planck conducted research on black body...

Rutherford's Nuclear Model: Limitations and Developments

• Stability of Electrons in Orbit: The model failed to account for the continuous emission of electromagnetic radiation, indicating a flaw in the mo
del.
• Inability...

Werner Heisenberg proposed Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle in 1927, which states that measuring a particle's momentum and position at the same time with accuracy is not possible. One can know a property less precisely the more...

The Uncertainty Principle is demonstrated by Heisenberg's thought experiment, which demonstrates that increasing uncertainty in a particle's momentum results from precisely measuring its position, such as through a narrow slit, and vice...

De Broglie's equation, formulated by Louis de Broglie in 1924, introduces the concept of wave-particle duality, suggesting that all matter exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties. The equation is expressed as λ=h/p; λ is...

Niels Bohr's Atomic Model Limitations
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• Primarily applied to hydrogen, not accounting for complexities of multi-electr
on atoms.
• Oversimplified concept of fixed, circular orbits
for electrons.
• Failed to...

Was the Universe Designed? Exploring the effect Dark Energy has on our Universe.

In part two of our series on Theory of Everything, we explain particle physics using string theory.