Curated Video
What the heck is an ELEMENT in chemistry?
In chemistry, we usually talk about atoms and molecules. When we introduce the term 'element', things get a little confusing. In this video, we will cover what an element is in chemistry and give you some examples.
Curated Video
Aufbau Principle: Building Electron Configurations
An important idea in atomic theory is the Aufbau Principle, which shows how electrons are arranged in an atom. It says that electrons fill atomic orbitals from least energetic to most energetic, starting with the least energetic orbitals...
Curated Video
Rutherford's Atomic Revelation: The Nuclear Model
Ernest Rutherford's Nuclear Model of the Atom: A Transformative Journey Background and Experiment • J.J. Thomson's Plum Pudding Model, a sphere of diffuse positive charge with negatively charged electrons, was the dominant model before...
Curated Video
Discovery of Proton & Neutron
Discovery of the Proton and Neutron Background: • J.J. Thomson's 1897 discovery of the electron led to the development of atomic models. • Ernest Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment (1911) revealed the presence of a dense, positively...
Curated Video
Thomson's Model of Atom: The Plum Pudding Model & Radioactivity
Thomson's Plum Pudding Model and Radioactivity Discovery Background: • Atoms were previously thought to be indivisible particles, as proposed by John Dalton. • The discovery of the electron, a subatomic particle, required a new model to...
Curated Video
Fundamental unit of matter - Atom
Understanding Atoms in Chemistry and Physics • Atoms are fundamental building blocks of matter. • Understanding atoms is crucial for chemistry and physics principles. • The concept of atoms dates back to ancient Greece. • Scientific...
Curated Video
Paramagnetic vs Diamagnetic Substances Magnetic Mystery
Materials can be classified based on their response to external magnetic fields. Diamagnetic materials are weakly repelled by external magnetic fields, while paramagnetic materials are attracted but lose their magnetism in the absence of...
Curated Video
Band Theory Breakdown Conduction in Various Substances
Band Theory Dissection: Conduction in Various Substances The band theory of solids is a fundamental concept in solid-state physics that explains the conduction of electricity in substances based on the arrangement of energy levels in the...
Curated Video
F Centres and the Yellow Colour of NaCl - Colour Hint
NaCl, a perfect ionic crystal, has an alternating pattern of Na+ cations and Cl- anions. When heated, some Cl- anions can be lost, leaving anionic vacancies. These vacancies are occupied by electrons, creating F-centers, which are...
Astrum
Quasar Spotted in the Milky Way!
Radio Astronomers discovered hundreds of Quasars hiding in our galaxy.
Astrum
Why NASA Shouldn't Land Near the Moon's Poles
The Moon's polar regions are a shocking place for humans to be.
Curated Video
Static Electricity - Part 1
In part 1 of a discussion on static electricity, Dr. Boyd shows you how you can build up static electricity, and how you can make a soda can move with a balloon.
Minute 0:00 – Introduction
Minute 0:17 – What you’ll need
Minute 0:30 –...
Curated Video
Static Electricity – Part 2
In Part 2 of a discussion on static electricity, Dr. Boyd shows you the effect static electricity has on water.
0:00 – Introduction
0:07 – Explanation of Static Electricity
0:50 – What you’ll need
1:28 – Polarity of Water
2:10 –...
Veritasium
The Big Misconception About Electricity
This video explores how electrical energy travels from a power plant to your home. It explains the role of electric and magnetic fields in energy transfer and debunks common misconceptions about electron movement. Through the concept of...
Curated Video
Sp² Hybridization in Ethene: The Secret of Double Bonds
Hybridization Process: Carbon atoms undergo sp² hybridization, mixing one 2s and two 2p orbitals to form three sp² hybrid orbitals arranged in a trigonal planar geometry (120° bond angles). Bond Formation: Two sp² orbitals form sigma (σ)...
Curated Video
Formal Charge Made Simple: A Guide to Molecular Stability
Formal Charge Made Simple: A Guide to Molecular Stability Formal charge is a bookkeeping tool used to estimate the charge distribution within a molecule. It is calculated by comparing the number of valence electrons in an atom's free...
Curated Video
Lewis Structures in Action: CO₂ and NO₂ Examples
In this topic, we explore how to draw and interpret the Lewis structures of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), two important molecules in chemistry. CO₂ features a linear structure with double bonds between carbon and...
Curated Video
Mastering Lewis Structures: Essential Rules for Drawing Bond Maps
Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. These structures are crucial in understanding how atoms share or transfer electrons to form stable...
Curated Video
VSEPR Theory - lone electron pair influence
Bond Angle Distortion: Lone pairs reduce bond angles between bonding pairs. For example, in a molecule like NH₃ (ammonia), the ideal tetrahedral angle of 109.5° is compressed to around 107° due to the presence of a lone pair on nitrogen....
Curated Video
Expanded Octets & Odd Electron Molecules: PCl5, SF6 Breaking the Octet Rule
Molecules like PF5, SF₆ defy the octet rule, with expanded valence shells or unpaired electrons, arising from the availability of d-orbitals or radical stability
Curated Video
Multiple Covalent Bonds: The Power of Double and Triple Bonds
Double and triple bonds involve the sharing of two or three pairs of electrons, providing additional stability and influencing molecular properties like rigidity and reactivity
Curated Video
Covalent Bonds: Sharing Electrons for Stability
Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons to complete their valence shells, creating strong and directional interactions.
Curated Video
Cations at Work: Shaping Ionic Bonds
Cations, formed by electron loss, influence ionic bond strength. Smaller cations with higher charges create stronger ionic interactions
Curated Video
Sodium Chloride Story: The Birth of an Ionic Bond
NaCl forms when sodium transfers an electron to chlorine, creating Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions that attract each other to form a stable ionic lattice.