Here is a nice presentation on the ways to determine the phase, and the name of the phase of all the phases of the moon. For example, one slide shows the moon exactly half lit, with the light on the right hand side. This is the First Quarter, based on the side of the moon that's lit, and how much of it is lit. The PowerPoint goes on like this until all of the phases have been described. A nice photo of the full moon appears on the last slide.