Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: State Constitutions

For Students 5th - 8th
The new states did a great deal of experimentation within the bounds of the new republican ideals. Read about three very different takes on how a state should be organized governmentally.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Ratifying the Constitution

For Students 5th - 8th
The delegates to the Constititional Convention produced a new governing document for the new United States. Read about how they determined to take the ratification process to the people of the states.
Activity
Constitutional Rights Foundation

Constitutional Rights Foundation: Centralized vs. Decentralized Rule: The Articles of Confederation

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Activity comparing the Articles of Confederation to the Constitution. Using a variety of articles, students research and create a chart with explanations and critical comparisons of the two governing documents.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Antifederalists' Victory in Defeat

For Students 5th - 8th
By 1788 eleven states ratified the Constitution, more than enough to put it into effect as the document establishing rules for the nation. Read about the goals of the Federalists in estabilishing a national government and find out how...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: After the Fact: Virginia, New Yok, and "The Federalist Papers"

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the necessity for Virginia and New York to support the ratification of the Constitution. See what influenced the vote in Virginia and how the legislature of New York was finally convinced.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Tough Issues

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the change of plans when delegates to the Philadelphia convention decided to write a new constitution to replace the Articles of Convention. See the ideas delegates had to address concerns of large and small states.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: New England Colonies: The Mayflower and Plymouth Colony

For Students 5th - 7th
Read a brief description of the Pilgrims' journey to North America. Find out how many travelers on the Mayflower were actually Pilgrims, and find out why a mistake in navigation led to the first written constitution in the New World.
Lesson Plan
Alabama Learning Exchange

Alex: Circling the Bill of Rights

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This is a hands-on, inquiry project to create a 3-D graphic organizer for the research and study of the Bill of Rights. It may be a stand-alone activity or may be included as part of a unit of study on the Constitution. Students will...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Bill of Rights

For Students 4th - 8th
The Constitution spelled out the powers of the national government, but many Anti-federalists felt there should be equally explicit a guarantee of individual rights. Read about the compiliation of what became known as the Bill of Rights...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Ratification Process: State by State

For Students 5th - 8th
The ratification of the Constitution was placed at the hands of the state legislatures. Read about which states supported the ratification, which were opposed, and why. Find out why, even after the requisite number of states had voted...
Lesson Plan
Alabama Learning Exchange

Alex: Who Will You Back? (The First American Political Parties)

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Students will produce an illustrated documentary on one of the first two American political parties.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: George Washington: The First Administration

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about George Washington's presidency. See why his role was so important in setting precedents to be followed by future chief executives. Find out about some of the warts in his personality too, all of which made him more human.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Societal Impacts of the American Revolution

For Students 5th - 8th
A look at how the ideals of the American Revolution shaped the new American Republic. Many ideals were not implemented immediately but the seed had been planted.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Iroquois Tribes

For Students 5th - 8th
The Iroquois were a group of five tribes linked by their language and similar culture. Read about why the Iroquois were such a great example of the elevated role of women in the tribes, the complex lifestyle they had, and their political...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The South Carolina Nullification Controversy

For Students 5th - 8th
The nullification controversy began as an economic dispute between north and south. See how the question about tariffs resulted in a states' rights issue in South Carolina. Read about what President Andrew Jackson was going to do about...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: The Election of 1860

For Students 5th - 8th
The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 was a watershed moment for the union of the country. Read about the political conventions, several candidates, and the votes that were split among them. Find a map that shows how the electoral...
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Westward Expansion: The Louisiana Purchase

For Students 5th - 8th
Read about the fortuitous purchase made that doubled the size of the United States. See why Napoleon was willing to sell the land, and find out about the quandary Thomas Jefferson was in as he had to go against his strict construction...
Primary
Thomson Reuters

Find Law: u.s. Constitution: Sixth Amendment

For Students 9th - 10th
This resource contains the text of the 6th amendment. It has several pages of annotations covering the major concepts in the rights of the accused.
Primary
US Government Publishing Office

U.s. Government Publishing Office: Eighth Amendment Further Guarantees in Criminal Cases [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
This resource provides the various court rulings as to what has been interpreted as "excessive bail", etc.
Website
Other

First Amendment Center

For Students 9th - 10th
This First Amendment site, partly news and partly background, contains information related to all the aspects of the freedoms outlined in the First Amendment.
Interactive
New York Times

New York Times: Crossword Puzzle: The Electoral Process

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Twice a month you can play a new crossword puzzle on The New York Times Learning Network. This one is called "The Electoral Process."
Website
The Dirksen Congressional Center

Congress for Kids: Constitution: The Work Begins

For Students 3rd - 8th
Discover how the Constitution was initiated and read about the Constitutional Congress. After learning about the beginning stages of the Constitution, take a quiz to show your learning.
Primary
Other

Us Congress: Congress, the Court, and the Constitution

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
Transcript of a congressional hearing, held in 1994, to discuss whether Congress had given too much power to the Supreme Court, against the express intent of the Founding Fathers. This transcript is lengthy but informative, containing...
Website
The Dirksen Congressional Center

Congress for Kids: Signing the Constitution

For Students 3rd - 8th
This site has a brief summary that describes the delegates to the Constitutional Convention. This group is sometimes called the "Founding Fathers."

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