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Curated OER

Eternal Egypt: Nero

For Students 9th - 10th
Nero (37-68) was the fifth of the Roman emperors. He ascended the throne as Claudius adopted son. Under the influence of his mentor, the philosopher Seneca, Nero commenced his reign with a series of reforming edicts. However he was only...
Graphic
Curated OER

Educational Technology Clearinghouse: Clip Art Etc: Abolla

For Students 9th - 10th
A cloak chiefly worn by soldiers, and thus opposed to the toga, the garb of peace. The abolla was used by by the lower classes at Rome, and consequently by the philosophers who affected severity of manners and life.
Handout
Other

Muslim Scientists: Mohammad Ibn Zakariya Al Razi

For Students 9th - 10th
Brief biography of Mohammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi, famous for his contributions to the fields and studies of medicine, astronomy, philosophy, and physics.
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Curated OER

Smithsonian Libraries: Tomas Garrigue Masaryk (1850 1937)

For Students 9th - 10th
A portrait of Tomas Garrigue Masaryk from the Dibner Library of the History of Science and Technology, made available through the Smithsonian Institution's Scientific Identity Collection.
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Curated OER

Eternal Egypt: Socrates

For Students 9th - 10th
Socrates lived between 469-399 BC and was the founder of Attic philosophy. He served as a hoplite in the Athenian army. He was interested in scientific philosophy, but in the middle and late times of his life, he turned his interest to...
Unit Plan
Annenberg Foundation

Annenberg Learner: American Passages: Spirit of Nationalism: Ralph Waldo Emerson

For Students 9th - 10th
This features a brief biography of Ralph Waldo Emerson, an optimistic Transcendentalist author who's personal life was filled with tragedy. See "Ralph Waldo Emerson Activities" for related materials.
Article
Other

Plato & His Dialogues: Plato's Tetralogies

For Students 9th - 10th
View Plato's dialogues organized into a system of seven tetralogies - meaning that each is composed of four dialogues or discourses. Includes links for further information on each. Great starting place for learning more about Plato and...
Handout
University of St. Andrews (UK)

University of St. Andrews: Joseph Raphson

For Students 9th - 10th
This University of St. Andrews page offers a good biography on Joseph Raphson, an English mathematician and philosopher(1648-1715.) Discusses his life and his contributions to these fields.
Website
Other

Sisson: Requirements and Specifications

For Students 9th - 10th
A discussion of the role that good design specifications play in the successful completion of a software project.
Article
Other

Routledge Encyclopedia: Greek Philosophy: Impact on Islamic Philosophy

For Students 9th - 10th
This article is a discussion of the Greek-Hellenistic philosophy within the Islamic world. Early Islamic philosophers shunned the influence of Greek philosophy; however, over time that view began to change. Certain philosophers hailed...
Handout
Robert H. Sarkissian

Island of Freedom: Rene Descartes

For Students 9th - 10th
Good overview of the life and philosophy of Descartes. Notes his impressive achievements in geometry, physiology, and natural science in addition to his important works in philosophical method and metaphysics. Credits Descartes as the...
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Greek Philosophy

For Students 9th - 10th
Introduction from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy to the main topics and thinkers in the Greek philosophical tradition. Includes links to related articles. Helpful for relating particular philosophers to each other chronologically.
Activity
George Mason University

Marxist Origins of Communism

For Students 9th - 10th
This site shows the reasons for Karl Marx's belief in a command economy, and contrasts Marx's views from other philosophers such as Locke and Voltaire.
Article
Boston University

Representationalism and Antirepresentationalism: Kant, Davidson, and Rorty

For Students 9th - 10th
Presents the anti-realist epistemological idea of "antirepresentationalism" as developed by Richard Rorty. Compares and contrasts this with Kant's "nonrepresentationalism" and sets in dialogue with another contemporary philosopher,...
Handout
Wolfram Research

Wolfram Science World: Descartes, Rene (1596 1650)

For Students 9th - 10th
This biographical site on Descartes explains some of the French scientific philosopher Decartes' beliefs and findings. This site has links to other famous mathematicians who influenced him as well.
Handout
Robert H. Sarkissian

Island of Freedom: St. Augustine

For Students 9th - 10th
This is an informative site on the Christian philosopher St. Augustine. Includes detailed information about his life as well as his many writings and works.
Handout
Other

Wsu: Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia

For Students 9th - 10th
Full of education and charity, Elena Piscopia devoted her life to learning and ministering to the poor. Her accomplishments as a mathematician and philosopher are discussed in this short biography.
Website
Other

Loyola Marymount University: Classicism

For Students 9th - 10th Standards
A broad site on this movement in the arts with references and links to many artists and philosophers.
Activity
ReadWriteThink

Read Write Think: Ralph Waldo Emerson Activity

For Teachers 9th - 10th
A lesson/activity for students in honor of the American poet and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson. From ReadWriteThink's calendar from May 25, 2007. Provides web links, a bibliography, and lesson plans.
Website
Authors Calendar

Author's Calendar: Denis Diderot

For Students 9th - 10th
Encyclopedia entry about the French philosopher and writer. Features biographical information, including Diderot's education, philosophy, and major literary works.
Website
Marxists Internet Archive

Marxists Internet Archive: Hegel by Hypertext

For Students 9th - 10th
Marxists.org provides full-text philosophical treatises by Hegel in English as well as related resources. Marxists consider Hegel as the inventor of dialectics and recognize his influence on Marx and Engels.
Website
Academy of American Poets

Poets.org: Ralph Waldo Emerson

For Students 9th - 10th
This Poets.org entry for the 19th century American poet, essayist, and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) provides biographical information, a select bibliography, and contemporary photograph as well as links to related writers...
Article
Other

Understanding Society: Sociology as a Social Science Discipline

For Students 9th - 10th
The unique nature of contemporary sociology as being innately interdisciplinary is discussed, and why this diversity is a good thing. Written by philosopher Daniel Little.
Website
Internet Infidels

Pascal's Wager Refuted

For Students 9th - 10th
Summarizes the major arguments involved in Pascals' Wager. It also presents seven objections to Pascal's Wager, both on philosophical and theological grounds.