Handout
Mariners' Museum and Park

Exploration Through the Ages: Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo

For Students 9th - 10th
Juan Rodriquez Cabrillo is known for exploring the California coast and claiming the land for Spain, but he did so many other things prior to that.See why Cabrillo wa so important to the Spanish in the New World.Be sure to click on...
Handout
Other

Texas Bob: Spain's First Occupation of East Texas 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Father Damian Massanet's first-hand account of Spain's first occupation of East Texas in the year 1690.
Primary
Ibis Communications

Eye Witness to History: The Spanish Massacre: The French in Florida, 1565

For Students 9th - 10th
An eyewitness account of the massacre of French Huguenots who were massacred by the Spanish commander, Pedro Menendez, near their settlement, Fort Caroline.
Website
University of Calgary

European Voyages of Exploration: 15th & 16th Centuries

For Students 9th - 10th
This award-winning website from the University of Calgary's History Department is both impressive and extensive. It focuses on Portuguese and Spanish expeditions of the 15th and 16th centuries (the sitemap provides a good outline of...
Website
Other

Why Christmas: Christmas Cultures Around the World

For Students 9th - 10th
A look at the different traditions and ways Christmas is celebrated around the world. Experience Christmas from Australia to Zambia, Italy to China, and many more countries.
Unit Plan
CPALMS

Florida State University Cpalms: Florida Students: Imperialism and the Spanish American War

For Students 11th
This tutorial discusses American imperialism and what drove it. The Spanish-American War is examined and the acquisition of new territories by the United States. A PDF file of the tutorial is available.
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Cusco School Artist, Saint Joseph and the Christ Child

For Students 9th - 10th
Paintings that celebrated St. Joseph as a youthful, caring father skyrocketed to popularity during the 16th and 17th centuries, both in Spain and throughout the Spanish Empire. This particular painting of the lively, vigorous St. Joseph...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Guaman Poma and the First New Chronicle and Good Government

For Students 9th - 10th
This letter written by Guaman Poma is the most famous manuscript from South America dated to this time period in part because it is so comprehensive and long, but also because of its many illustrations. View pictures of the illustrations...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Fourteen Portraits of the Inka Kings

For Students 9th - 10th
The Brooklyn Museum of Art has in its collection a series of fourteen portraits of Inka rulers. View pictures of this collection and read the history of Inkan ruler Atahualpa in this essay.
Article
Other

Historical Text Archive: Mexico: Stages of Independence, 1808 21

For Students 9th - 10th
Read about the Mexican War of Independence, an armed conflict which was the culmination of a political and social process which ended the rule of Spain in the territory of New Spain.
Website
University of Groningen

American History: Essays: Spain's Territorial Conquest in the Americas

For Students 9th - 10th
The history of Spanish territorial conquest in the New World is the history of the succession of conquistadors who often overwhelmed native empires, but were sometimes overwhelmed themselves. Read about the conquistadors who came to the...
Article
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Indian Wars, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
Five documents representing the full range of Indian-European antagonisms, struggles for power, and outright warfare among the Spanish, Pueblo, Wampanoag, English, and French in New Spain, New France, New Mexico, and New England.
Unit Plan
CommonLit

Common Lit: Letter to the Treasure of Spain

For Students 7th - 8th
A learning module that begins with "Letter to the Treasure of Spain" by Christopher Columbus, accompanied by guided reading questions, assessment questions, and discussion questions. The text can be printed as a PDF or assigned online...
Activity
Read Works

Read Works: Happy New Year!

For Teachers 2nd
[Free Registration/Login Required] An informational text describing New Year celebrations in different countries including: The United States, Brazil, Spain, South Africa, China, and Australia. A question sheet is available to help...
Handout
Other

The Historical Text: Mexico's 19th Century Crisis

For Students 9th - 10th
This history survey examines the issues that faced Colonial Mexico (New Spain), a vast territory characterized by a stable and responsive government, a wealthy and balanced economy, and a multiracial society that enjoyed considerable...
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: Hispanic Reading Room: The First Circumnavigation of the Globe

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of a larger site that explores the Portuguese role in mapping the New World, this brief article talks about the legacy of Magellan, a Portuguese-born explorer for Spain whose crew was the first to circumnavigate the globe. Find...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Mission Church, San Esteban Del Rey, Acoma Pueblo

For Students 9th - 10th
Acoma Pueblo is home to one of the best-preserved early mission churches in the United States - San Esteban del Rey. View pictures of this church and read about the history in this essay.
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Bernardino De Sahagun and Collaborators, Florentine Codex

For Students 9th - 10th
The Florentine Codex contains an unparalleled wealth of information regarding the people and culture of central Mexico immediately preceding the Conquest and its discussion of the Conquest itself. View pictures and descriptions of the...
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Atrial Cross at Acolman

For Students 9th - 10th
The Atrial Cross at Acolman offers a fascinating look into the interactions between Spanish friars and Nahua converts in the years directly following the conquest of Mexico. View pictures and descriptions of the cross and the Augustinian...
Interactive
New York Times

New York Times: The Wounds of March 11th

For Students 9th - 10th
Video explaining that the attack from terrorists in Spain on March 11, 2004 have had bigger political ramifications than physical ones. The party in power was seen as weak on terrorism and therefore lost control of Parliament. [1:36]
Graphic
Other

Pike Page: Maps of Pike's Overall Route and in Each State

For Students 9th - 10th
Detailed maps of the routes of Zebulon Pike in his various expeditions in the 1800s. Click on each map for a PDF view. Hyperlinks to additional information on the site.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Missions, American Beginnings: 1492 1690

For Students 9th - 10th
A Spanish Franciscan and a French Jesuit report on the reciprocal relationship between natives and Catholic missionaries as Europeans settled New France and New Spain.
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo Attributed to Juan Rodriguez

For Students 9th - 10th
The Mestizo belongs to a larger series of works that seek to document the inter-ethnic mixing occurring in New Spain among Europeans, indigenous peoples, Africans, and the existing mixed-race population. This genre of painting is known...
Handout
New Advent

Catholic Encyclopedia: Juan De La Cosa

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief biography of Juan de la Cosa who sailed with both Columbus and Vespucci. His famous chart of the world is the oldest representation of the New World. Please note that "The Catholic Encyclopedia," is a historic reference source...