Primary
Curated OER

History Matters: "A Healthy Public Opinion"

For Students 9th - 10th
Read Terence V. Powderly's reasoning for keeping the Knights of Labor, which he headed, out of the turmoil that came after the Haymarket Square Riot.
Article
A&E Television

History.com: Labor Movement

For Students 9th - 10th
Article takes a look at the history of the Labor Movement and labor unions through videos, pictures, speeches and more.
Article
PBS

Pbs: History Detectives: The Early Labor Movement

For Students 9th - 10th
Brief summary of the early labor movement and the role that labor unions played.
Primary
Harvard University

Harvard Univ. Library: The Tide of Immigration: The Alien Contract Labor Law

For Students 9th - 10th
This chapter from a 1916 book by Frank Julian Warne, titled The Tide of Immigration, outlines how the so-called native workers' jobs should be protected from the influx of immigrants. Read about the law that made it illegal for...
Handout
Other

Illinois Labor History Society: When Women Were Knights

For Students 9th - 10th
This article discusses women's roles in the Knights of Labor.
Website
Digital History

Digital History: Samuel Gompers and the American Federation of Labor

For Students 9th - 10th
A good look at not only Samuel Gompers and the formation of the American Federation of Labor, but also of the course of unionism in general, its successes and failures, its goals, and membership in the late 19th century.
Handout
Ohio History Central

Ohio History Central: American Federation of Labor

For Students 9th - 10th
A history of the American Federation of Labor and its organization in 1881 by Samuel Gompers. Read about its growth and eventual combining with the Congress of Industrial Organization to become the AFL-CIO.
Handout
Country Studies US

Country Studies: The Struggles of Labor

For Students 9th - 10th
This site discusses how for much of the latter half of the 1800s, the life of the common laborer was horrendous. Working in a unsanitary factory, for at least 10 hours a day, making far less than needed to survive, the struggles of the...
Lesson Plan
University of Houston

University of Houston: An American Industrial Revolution Unit: Rise of Labor

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Students learn about the history of the labor movement in Industrial America, including some of the major unions that emerged and the most well-known strikes. Next, they make connections to the role of unions today. They then work in...
Unknown Type
History Teacher

Historyteacher.net: The Rise of Big Business & the Labor Movement: Quiz (2)

For Students 9th - 10th
This 10-question multiple choice quiz is immediately scored and tests your knowledge of the labor movement in the late 19th century.
Handout
University of Houston

University of Houston: Engines of Our Ingenuity: American Industrial Revolution

For Students 6th - 8th
Aimed at middle school teachers and students, this resource contains lists of labor links. It includes a brief history of strikes, the Knights of Labor and the AFL.
Handout
Ohio History Central

Ohio History Central: Terence Powderly

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief biography of Terence Powderly, formative leader of the Knights of Labor, as well as an official in the Bureau of Immigration.
Handout
National Women's Hall of Fame

National Women's Hall of Fame: "Mother" Mary Harris Jones

For Students 9th - 10th
The National Women's Hall of Fame recognizes the important and influential life work of the famous labor organizer and worker's rights activist "Mother" Jones.
Website
University of Maryland

University of Maryland: The Samuel Gompers Papers

For Students 9th - 10th
Site from the University of Maryland provides primary source documents, a brief history of the labor movement, and biographical information about Samuel Gompers. A great resource for teachers and students.
Website
Shmoop University

Shmoop: Labor in the Gilded Age

For Students 9th - 10th
The Gilded Age was a period of terrible labor violence, as industrialists and workers fought for control of the workplace. Workers organized the first large American labor unions during the Gilded Age, while employers tried to stop the...
Unknown Type
History Teacher

Historyteacher.net: The Rise of Big Business & the Labor Movement: Quiz (1)

For Students 9th - 10th
10-question multiple choice quiz is immediately scored and tests your knowledge of industry and the labor movement in the late 19th century.
Lesson Plan
University of Illinois

University of Illinois: The Chinese Experience in 19th Century America: The Rock Springs Massacre

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This lesson plan is from a larger site examining the Chinese Experience in the United States in the 19th century. Discover the role the official support by the labor movement played in the discrimination, and in the case of the Rock...
Article
Curated OER

History Matters:"rock Springs Is Killed":white Reaction to the Rock Springs Riot

For Students 9th - 10th
Read an article from the Rock Springs Independent railng against the return of the Chinese coal miners the day after the Rock Springs Massacre that resulted in the death of several Chinese laborers.
Activity
Other

Illinois State Museum: The American Railway Union

For Students 9th - 10th
Excerpt from U.S. Strike Commission Report. Site also provides focus questions at the bottom.
Handout
Ohio History Central

Ohio History Central: United Mine Workers of America

For Students 9th - 10th
A look at the history of the United Mine Workers from its inception to present day. Find out what causes the UMW supported.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: Early National Organizations

For Students 5th - 8th
As early as 1866 a national union grew from the multitude of local unions in the country. Read about the growth of stronger unions, and find out what their goals were. See why the Haymarket Square Riot had an effect on unionization.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: Today in History: September 2: The Rock Springs Massacre

For Students 9th - 10th
Scroll down through this American Memory's Today in History to the Rock Springs Massacre. Find a brief description of what happened to the Chinese mine workers on that day in Wyoming, and the aftermath. Included are links to photographs...
Website
Other

Wyo History: The Rock Springs Massacre

For Students 9th - 10th
Read this very detailed description of the Rock Springs Massacre and the circumstances that led up to it. Find out why Chinese immigrants became the focus of hatred and discrimination.
Primary
Curated OER

History Matters: "To This We Dissented": The Rock Springs Riot

For Students 9th - 10th
Read the description of the Rock Springs massacre written by the Chinese workers who lived through the massacre and presented to the Chinese Consul in New York. Included is a report of an investigation of those who died in the massacre....