A&E Television
History.com: Struggle for Mexican Independence
Read about the progressive priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla who became the father of Mexican independence with a historic proclamation urging his fellow Mexicans to take up arms against the Spanish government.
Other
Sjc:the Spanish Re Conquest of New Mexico and the Pueblo Revolt of 1696
Read the description of the Spanish re-conquest of its holdings in New Mexico following the Revolt of 1680 in which the Pueblo Indians force the Spanish out of their territory.
Other
New Mexico Genealogical Society: Early Spanish Exploration of the Southwest
This site describes the early Spanish exploration and beginning of colonization in what we know today as New Mexico.
The Newberry Library
The Aztecs and the Making of Colonial Mexico: Europeans Invade the Aztec Empire
Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes invaded the Aztec empire in the 16th century. This conquest led to the colonization of Mexico. The Newberry Library provides an in depth look into this period of Mexican history through photos,...
University of California
The History Project: Aztec Life as Revealed in the Codex Telleriano Remensis
The Aztec pictorial manuscript later known as the Codex Telleriano-Remensis was created in sixteenth-century Mexico, about a generation after contact. It is considered one of the most beautiful and informative remaining works by the...
Curated OER
History Matters: Pedro Naranjo Relates the Pueblo Revolt, 1680
Read about the resistance in 1680 by the New Mexico Pueblo Indians who resisted the Spanish attempts to subjugate them. Find out about the leader, El Pope, who was able to lead the resistance for ten years.
The History Cat
The History Cat: Age of Exploration: The Spanish Conquest of Mexico
Lengthy description of the life of Hernan Cortes, the Spanish conquistador who brought down the Aztec Empire in Mexico. How this came to be is explained, with many details of the sophistication of Aztec civilization.
A&E Television
History.com: Hispanic History Milestones: Timeline
The American Hispanic/Latinx history is a rich, diverse and long one, with immigrants, refugees and Spanish-speaking or Indigenous people living in the United States since long before the nation was established. America's Hispanic...
History of American Wars
History of American Wars: Mexican American Religion
Discusses the events from the first arrival of the Spanish that led to the adoption of Catholicism as the dominant religion of Mexico.
Ducksters
Ducksters: Aztec Empire for Kids: Spanish Conquest
Kids learn about the Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire including Hernan Cortes and Montezuma II on this site.
Other
New Mexico Tourism Department: Hispanic History and Culture
A history of Spanish influence in New Mexico is found here. Read about the cultural heritage that the Hispanics instilled in the inhabitants of New Mexico.
Digital History
Digital History: Spanish Colonization
Spanish culture had a great impact on the economy, politics, and even geography of the Southwest, California, and Mexico. Read about the Spanish settlements and the structure of the social classes that left an impact the continues even...
University of Groningen
American History: Outlines: The Literature of Exploration
Had history taken a different turn, the United States easily could have been a part of the great Spanish or French overseas empires. Its present inhabitants might speak Spanish and form one nation with Mexico, or speak French and be...
Other
San Diego History Center: Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo (? 1543)
After a description of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo's activities in Mexico and Guatemala, there is a day by day description of his sailing expedition up the coast of California.
Digital History
Digital History: The Texas Revolution
Why would American citizens emigrate to Spanish-held, and later Mexican-held Texas? Read about the reasons, their grievances against their Mexican rulers, and the eventual revolution that brought independence to Texas.
Other
Univision: Por Que Se Celebra El Cinco De Mayo en Estados Unidos? (Spanish)
This article offers a brief overview of the history of Cinco de Mayo and explains how the holiday came to be celebrated in the United States.
Other
Timeline Index: Cortez, Conqueror of Mexico 1519
A chronology of the life of Hernando Cortez up to the Spanish conquest of the Aztecs.
Other
History of the World the Aztecs
A history of the Aztec civilization, beginning with their travel to the valley of Mexico and ending with the conquest of the Spanish over them. Includes information about agriculture, travel, communication, war, religion, and human...
CZBrats
Cz Brats: Panama Before Bastides, Columbus, and Balboa
This page is an article about the Pre-Colombian period of Panamanian History. "Prior to the Conquest of Central America, Mexico, and Peru, Great Civilizations in the Americas had developed high cultural values."
Internet History Sourcebooks Project
Fordham University: Modern History Sourcebook: An Aztec Account of the Spanish Conquest
Fordham University provides an excerpt of an Aztec account of the initial encounter of Montezuma and the Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortes, as published by noted anthropologist Miguel Leon-Portilla. The meeting-turned-massacre,...
Ducksters
Ducksters: New Mexico State History for Kids
Investigate the history and timeline of the state of New Mexico including early explorers, Native Americans, Spanish settlers, the Santa Fe Trail, and the Wild West on this website.
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Harcourt: Biographies: Alvar Nunez Cabeza De Vaca
Gain insight into the life and adventures of Spanish explorer, Cabeza de Vaca, whose expeditions led him to Texas and Mexico.
Texas State Historical Association
Texas State Historical Association: Alvarez De Pineda, Alonso
An account of the Spanish expedition led by Alonso Alvarez de Pineda in 1519 that explored the Gulf of Mexico between Florida and Cabo Rojo, Mexico. The explorers tried to establish the Panuco colony but were unsuccessful.
Nebraska Studies
Nebraska Studies: Pedro De Villasur Sent to Nebraska
Concern over the French trading with the Native Indians, the Spanish commissioned Lieutenant-General Villasur to stop them in 1720.