There are many interactions among living things and their surroundings. By completing a reading, scholars learn about the Earth, the moon, and the sun and how they relate to the solar system. They also investigate the basics of physical...

The cycle of energy is important to many different systems on Earth. Scholars use questioning and observation to investigate the differences between renewable and non-renewable resources and how they relate to global changes. They...

This online textbook chapter provides learners with advanced-level material on the structure and relationships between atoms, molecules and ions.

Here you will learn how to understand, write, draw, and talk-the-talk of organic molecules. Why were different drawing techniques developed? Organic molecules can get complicated and large. It is a tedious to have to constantly draw out...

In this online biology textbook, learn about atoms and molecules as they relate to life. Find out about topics such as electrons and energy, chemical bonding, and chemical reactions.

Atoms are very, very small. Atoms are so small that it is often said that there are as many atoms in a single grain of sand as there are grains of sand on all of the world's beaches - certainly a difficult thing to prove, but you get the...

Learn how basic elements form molecules to support life.

As part of the Virtual Textbook, this site examines all things related to Atomic Theory including information on atoms, molecules, formulas, equations, nomenclature, and more.

Read about how oxidation-reductions affect our everyday lives. View how atoms, molecules, and ions are reduced during the oxidation-reduction process. Learn how some of the normal chemical reactions in the body can change DNA. Use the...

The ideal gas law is an empirical law; it's a relationship between the pressure in a system of gases to the volume, the temperature, and the number of gas atoms/molecules in the system. This "law" is valid if the gas atoms/molecules are...

Learn all about molecular structures in this easy-to-understand, audio book. See how valence electrons determine how atoms bond together, and look at the bonding inside some of the most common molecules around you.