eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction and the Ray Model of Light: Converging Lenses

For Students 9th - 10th
An illustrated tutorial which takes students step-by-step through the process of drawing ray diagrams.
eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction and the Ray Model of Light: Anatomy of a Lens

For Students 9th - 10th
Illustrated diagrams in this tutorial help students understand the properties and functions of lenses.
eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction/ray Model of Light: Image Formation/detection

For Students 9th - 10th
Students discover the four parts of the eye are the most instrumental in the task of producing images that are discernible by the brain.
eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction/ray Model of Light: Farsightedness/correction

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief introduction to the physics side of farsightedness, and how lenses correct this vision defect.
eBook
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Refraction/ray Model of Light: Nearsightedness/correction

For Students 9th - 10th
A brief introduction to the physics side of nearsightedness, and how lenses correct this vision defect.
Handout
Physics Classroom

The Physics Classroom: Lesson 3: Concave Mirrors

For Students 9th - 10th
Lesson 3 of this tutorial on refraction is on concave mirrors. Content that is covered includes the anatomy of curved mirrors, reflection of light and image formation, ray diagrams, image characteristics for concave mirrors, plus more.
Handout
Georgia State University

Georgia State University: Hyper Physics: Dispersion

For Students 9th - 10th
The phenomenon of light dispersion is explained with a formula and a practice form for calculating Abbe's number.
Activity
Optical Society

Optical Society of America: Optics for Kids: Total Internal Reflection

For Students 9th - 10th
An investigation into the total internal reflection of light, using a laser pointer. Accompanied by an explanation of what's happening, a discussion of Snell's Law, and links to additional information.
Article
Khan Academy

Khan Academy: Thin Lens Sign Conventions

For Students 9th - 10th
Have you ever wondered why some people need glasses and others don't? It's because of the way light is focused by the lens in your eye. This lens, like magnifying glasses, eyeglasses, and contact lenses, is considered a thin lens.
Lesson Plan
Utah Education Network

Uen: Enlightening Explorations, Part Iii

For Teachers 6th
This lesson contains the following labs: Rainbows, Refraction with Prisms, and What Color Is It? Students will study light by reading various nonfiction texts and viewing a video lesson. Then students will engage in the following labs:...
Lesson Plan
Utah Education Network

Uen: I'm So Bright! I Wear My Shades Indoors!

For Teachers 6th
This lesson engages students in learning about light through multiple sources. Students will learn how light is produced, reflected, refracted, and separated. Students will communicate their findings through an independent project that...
Handout
Georgia State University

Georgia State University: Hyper Physics: Prisms

For Students 9th - 10th
This physics department site explains how prisms work and their purpose in the dispersion of light. Explains the angle of deviation and includes an interactive form in which visitors calculate the angle of deviation and receive immediate...
Unit Plan
CK-12 Foundation

Ck 12: Dispersion

For Students 9th - 10th
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Students investigate the dispersion of light through a prism and solve practice problems involving this phenomenon.
Unit Plan
BBC

Bbc: Gcse Bitesize: General Properties of Waves

For Students 9th - 10th
Light travels as waves. Waves can be described by their amplitude, wavelength and frequency. The speed of a wave can be calculated from its frequency and wavelength.
Lesson Plan
Science Education Resource Center at Carleton College

Serc: Mn Step: Why Is the Sky Blue?

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
Students will learn about refraction and the scattering of sunlight as it enters the atmosphere, which causes the colors in light to separate, giving us blue skies and colorful sunrises and sunsets.
Handout
University of Chicago

University of Chicago: Reflector and Refractor

For Students 9th - 10th
From the Yerkes Observatory Virtual Tour web site. Compares and contrasts reflecting and refracting telescopes. A link from the page leads to a second page which explains why most modern research telescopes are reflecting telescopes.
Activity
Optical Society

Optical Society of America: Optics for Kids: Interference in a Ripple Tank

For Students 3rd - 8th
An investigation, using a ripple tank, into how waves behave when they collide with each other. With an explanation of what is observed, and a link to an article on refraction.
Activity
York University

The Joy of Visual Perception: Physics of Visual Stimulus

For Students 9th - 10th
From an online "book," this particular page describes physics principles related to vision and sight. Keywords are linked to other pages with further information. The role of sunglasses in blocking glare is discussed and explained. A...
Activity
Other

Walter Fendt: Refraccion De La Luz

For Students 9th - 10th
Learn about refraction of light with this simulation. This site is best viewed with Internet Explorer.
Activity
Exploratorium

Exploratorium: Make Your Own Telescope

For Students 9th - 10th
At this site students can make their own telescope and see how it works with this experiment. Out of a light, a pair of glasses, a magnifying glass and wax paper.
Handout
Healthline Media

Medical News Today: Articles: Eye Health: What Is Astigmatism?

For Students 9th - 10th
Learn about astigmatism, a type of refractive error where the eye does not bend light properly, thereby causing blurred vision. Also explained are the causes, treatment, and diagnosis of astigmatism.
Handout
Florida State University

Florida State University: Science, Optics & You: E Tienne Louis Malus

For Students 9th - 10th
Biography of Etienne-Louis Malus (1775-1812), a famous French mathematician and physicist, best known for his work in double refraction and in polarization.
Lesson Plan
Science and Mathematics Initiative for Learning Enhancement (SMILE)

Smile: Light

For Teachers 4th - 6th
In this activity, students actually find the angles of reflection and incidence.
Website
Space Telescope Science Institute

Amazing Space: Telescopes From the Ground Up

For Students 9th - 10th
Students can investigate the historical development of six different telescopes. The technical aspects of different telescopes are also presented.

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