Factors that have the power to change global climate can be natural, like volcanic eruptions and changes in solar energy, or caused by humans, like the addition of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere.

NASA studies of global surface temperatures and Arctic sea ice extent provide data to determine climate changes on Earth. Research for only the first half of 2016 identifies the year as being one of the hottest on record.

Water moves from place to place through the water cycle, which is changing as climate changes. Learn how the water cycle is changing as global temperatures rise.

This very detailed article examines the long-term climate changes throughout the world. Discusses agriculture and provides graphs and illustrations. Includes lots of scientific discussion.

Learn some effects of climate change that are being caused by warmer temperatures. Links to related material.

Discusses the melting of mountain ice caps from climate change, and how this represents the loss of valuable historical data that disappears as the ice layers melt away. [February 2, 2009]

Describes the threat of climate change in the Antarctica to emperor penguins by affecting the ice sheets where penguin breeding grounds are located.

Why does the Polar Vortex keep breaking out of the Arctic? Surprisingly, warming global temperatures play a role.

Polar scientists offer an article identifying the research and observations made on greenhouse gases. Why is there so much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today? Scientists work diligently to determine the causes and effects of these...