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Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Liquids and Their Vapors [Pdf]
With an overview of the various properties of the states of matter, this 18 page pdf file provides a series of topics related to liquids including special physical properties of liquids, changes of state, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Models of Chemical Bonding: Why Do Chemical Bonds Form?
This extensive overview on chemical bonding seeks initially to answer the question, why do chemical bonds form? Information is provided on classical models of chemical bonding and quantum mechanical models of the chemical bond.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Physical Meaning of Entropy
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and its relation to entropy. Other topics covered include entropy and disorder, absolute entropies, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is a Heat Engine and Why Should You Care?
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and heat engines. Other topics covered include the fall of heat, nuclear plants, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Free Energy and Equilibrium
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and free energy. Topics covered include the equilibrium constant, equilibrium and temperature, coupled reactions,...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Equilibrium Constant
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and equilibrium. Included in the discussion with the equilibrium constant are topics such as equilibrium and...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Colligative Properties of Solutions
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and colligative properties. Other topics covered include osmotic pressure, entropy, free energy, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Heat Capacity
With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and its relation the heat capacity or specific heat.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Chemical Energy
With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and molecules as energy carriers and converters. Topics covered include how molecules take up thermal energy,...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Chemical Change
Chemical change is a section of a larger overview on Chemistry, covering a variety of aspects. This section focuses on chemical change including the difference between chemical change and physical change.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is Pseudoscience?
Pseudoscience studies various fields of science that make claims to be legitimate, but researchers and academics argue that pseudoscientific discoveries do not hold up to typical standards of testing and proof. Examples are the Lunar...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Densities of Substances and Materials
As part of a larger site called "Getting started in Chemistry," this site examines various topics related to the densities of substances and materials. Included in the study are properties of solids, liquids and gases, and how density is...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
Textbook-like exposition of pure chemical substances and mixtures.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Effect of Temperature and Concentration on the Entropy
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and entropy. The specific topic addressed is effect of temperature, volume, and concentration on the entropy.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is a Wave?
Acting as part of an overview on quantum theory, this section of the site answers the question, what is a wave? In addition to a definition, several examples and formulas are provided.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is Light?
Acting as part of an overview on quantum theory, this section of the site answers the question, what is light? In answering the question, specific discussion is directed toward light waves and theories of light.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is an Orbital?
Acting as part of an overview on quantum theory, this section of the site deals with electrons and orbitals. In addition to explain what an orbital is, the site explains the movement of the electron in relation to the nucleus.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Electrons
Acting as part of an overview on quantum theory, this section of the site deals with questions related to electrons, such as "If the electron cannot be localized, can it be moving?" and "Why does the electron not fall into the nucleus?"
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: How Thermal Energy Is Stored in Molecules
With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and thermal energy. Other topics covered include kinetic energy, translation, rotation, vibrations, density, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Energy Spreading
With an overview of topics related to chemical energetics, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and information on energy spreading. Topics covered include quantum states, microstates, and energy spreading,...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Standard Entropies of Substances
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and entropy. Other topics covered include standard entropy, gases, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Absolute Entropies
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and entropy. The subject, absolute entropies, is discussed in addition to the third law of thermodynamics, phase...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Direction of Spontaneous Change
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and spontaneous change. Other topics covered include entropy, spontaneous macroscopic change, and more.
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Fall of the Electron
With an overview of topics related to chemical equilibrium, this site provides a foundation to a study of thermodynamics and electrons. Included in the discussion is information on oxidation-reduction reactions.