eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Aufbau Rules

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site discusses atomic electron configurations. Specifically, the Aufbau rules are discussed with information on energies of...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Shell Model of the Atom

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site discusses the properties of the atoms individually in relation to the main group elements of the Periodic Table.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Sizes of Atoms and Ions

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site seeks to answer the question, What do we mean by the "size" of an atom? Terms such as metallic radius, covalent radius,...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Periodic Trends in Ion Formation

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site discusses electron affinity and ionization energy in relation to ion formation. Charts and graphs are included as well.
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Pressure of a Gas

For Students 9th - 10th
The General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, or Chem 1, is broken into a section relating directly to gases. This section deals specifically with gas pressure and the units and methods in which it is measured.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Molecules in Motion

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site continues a study conducted on various topics related to gases. As a specific topic, the site covers an introduction to kinetic molecular theory.
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Molecular Orbitals

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores the topics related to molecular orbitals including bonding and antibonding MOs, molecular orbital diagrams, sigma and pi orbitals, and more.
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Sigma and Pi Orbitals

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores sigma and pi orbitals covering topics such as the importance of direction, splitting patterns for the second row diatomics, Dicarbon, Dioxygen, and more.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is Equilibrium?

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site sets down a definition of equilibrium and defines several types including mechanical equilibrium, thermal equilibrium, and chemical equilibrium.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: What Is the Le Chatelier Principle?

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site seeks to answer the question, what is the le Chatelier Principle and why is it important? The site provides the Le Chatelier's Principle in Le Chatelier's own...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: How to Write Equilibrium Expressions

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores a range of topics related to equilibrium expressions including concentrations and pressures in equilibrium expressions, unchanging concentrations,...
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Equilibrium Calculations

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores a range of topics related to equilibrium constants including measuring and calculating equilibrium constants, calculating equilibrium compositions from...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Formation and Evolution of the Earth

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the Earth. Topics covered in the discussion include formation of the solar system, the planets, the continents, primary differentiation...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Origin and Evolution of the Atmosphere

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the Earth's atmosphere. Included in the discussion are topics such as prebiotic atmosphere, origin of atmospheric oxygen, carbon...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Chemical Budgets of Oceanic Elements

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the elements of the oceans. Topics covered include Phosphorus, Carbon, Bicarbonate, Calcite, and more.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Oxygen Compounds

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores types of acids and bases with specific attention given to oxygen compounds. Subtopics covered include amphoteric oxides and hydroxides and acid...
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Protons and Electron Pairs

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores Lewis acids and bases with specific attention directed toward protons and electron-pairs. Other topics covered include proton-transfer reactions...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Proton Donors and Acceptors

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores proton donors and related subjects including Bronsted acids and bases and Hydronium ions.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Titration

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site focuses on titration in the relation between acids and bases. The information includes specific mention of titration curves.
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The P H Scale

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores the pH scale and its characteristics including a chart mapping the various levels of the scale.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Neutralization

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores neutralization in relation to acids and bases. Formulas and examples are also provided.
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Bases

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as an overview from the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site explores bases and their related characteristics. Several formulas are also provided.
eBook
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: The Si Base Units

For Students 9th - 10th
As part of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook, this site examines a variety of topics related to the measure of matter. In addition to a discussion on SI base units, the site covers the SI decimal prefixes, units outside the SI, and...
Handout
Simon Fraser University

Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Organization of the Periodic Table

For Students 9th - 10th
Acting as a subtopic of the General Chemistry Virtual Textbook's section on Atoms and the Periodic Table, this site focuses specifically on the Periodic Table of Elements with information on the table's organization methods along with...