American Chemical Society
Middle School Chemistry: Energy Levels, Electrons, Ionic Bonding
Students discover that ionic bonding occurs when electrons are transferred from one atom to the other and not shared as in covalent bonding.
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Polarity in Chemical Bonds
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Students will determine the polarity of a chemical bond using the electronegativity chart, and then distinguish between nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, and ionic...
American Chemical Society
Middle School Chemistry: Chapter 4: The Periodic Table and Bonding
Six middle school chemistry lessons about the periodic table and bonding complete with handouts and animations.
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Metallic Bonds
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] In the following online tutorial, students will begin to describe the electron-sea model of metallic bonding. They will explain how metallic bonding is responsible...
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Electron Arrangement in Atoms
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] In the following online tutorail students will learn how to express the arrangement of electrons in atoms through electron configurations and Lewis valence electron...
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] In the following online tutorial students will sse the Periodic Table to identify and explain the properties of chemical families, including alkali metals, alkaline...
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] In the following online tutorial students will learn to explain how an ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another in terms of the...
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Lewis Electron Dot Structures
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Students will use their knowledge of covalent bonds, and apply that to drawing Lewis dot structures to represent compounds.
Texas Education Agency
Texas Gateway: Ionic Bonds: Electron Dot Formulas
Given descriptions, diagrams, scenarios, or chemical symbols, students will model ionic bonds using electron dot formulas.
OpenStax
Open Stax: Andrew R. Barron: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (Vsepr) Theory
Detailed explanation of Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Theory with examples and questions for the reader to check comprehension. Also includes step-by-step instructions for correctly building molecules using VSEPR Theory....
Texas Education Agency
Texas Gateway: Covalent Bonding: Electron Dot Diagrams
Given descriptions, diagrams, scenarios, or chemical symbols, students will model covalent bonds using electron dot formula (Lewis structures).
Concord Consortium
Concord Consortium: Stem Resources: Electrons in Atoms and Molecules
A module with animations, explanations, and questions about the importance of electrons in the structure of an atom. Understand the definition and locations of electrons in the atom. Explore the role of electrons in bonding, polarity,...
Simon Fraser University
Chem1 Virtual Textbook: Models of Chemical Bonding: Why Do Chemical Bonds Form?
This extensive overview on chemical bonding seeks initially to answer the question, why do chemical bonds form? Information is provided on classical models of chemical bonding and quantum mechanical models of the chemical bond.
Michael Blaber, PhD
Florida State University: Basic Concepts of Covalent Bonding: Covalent Bonding
Good introduction and graphics make this a solid page for understanding the orbital role in bonding and molecular geometry. The author is a professor at Florida State University.
Chem Tutor
Chem Tutor: Bonds in General
A summary of bonding terms and the importance of electrons in bonding.
Sophia Learning
Sophia: Ionic Bonding: Lesson 2
This lesson will define an ionic bond. It is 2 of 3 in the series titled "Ionic Bonding."
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Chemistry: Ionic Bonding
[Free Registration/Login may be required to access all resource tools.] Covers how ions interact with one another in ionic bonds.
CK-12 Foundation
Ck 12: Chemistry: Covalent Bonding
A learning module giving the definition of a covalent bond, the compounds and elements they make up and why they form. Module includes reading and review questions.
University of Southern California
Atomic Bonds
This slide show on atomic bonds contains several slides on electron affinity. Other topics include covalent, Sigma and Pi bonds, and atomic bonding in solids.
Chem4kids
Chem4 Kids: Atoms: Electrons
Learn about an electron's negative charge, location, and role in bonding. Website also investigates electrons uses in electricity.
American Chemical Society
Middle School Chemistry: Energy Levels, Electrons, and Covalent Bonding
Discover how covalent molecular bonding affects the energy levels of electrons.
American Chemical Society
Middle School Chemistry: Energy Levels, Electrons, and Ionic Bonding
Explore ionic molecular bonds and how electrons and their energy levels come into play.
Oklahoma State University
Osu: Chemical Bonding Content in a Nutshell
An overview of chemical bonding and how valence electrons play a major role in these processes.
BBC
Bbc: Gcse Bitesize: Bonding: Covalent Bonds
This section of the lesson module focuses on covalent bonds, which are formed between non-metal atoms that share a pair of electrons. It includes links to a video and a test. Other types of chemical bonds are covered elsewhere in the...