Handout
CommonLit

Common Lit: Text Sets: Westward Expansion

For Students 9th - 10th
Throughout the 1800s, Americans pushed ever westward in the search of prosperity and the American dream. It was a time of growth and adventure for settlers, and loss for most American Indians. This collection includes 7 Grade-Leveled...
Website
Nebraska Studies

Nebraska Studies: The Conversion Struggle

For Students 9th - 10th
The story of the problems on converting native Americans to a Christian religion. It uses the example of Christian missionaries who were trying to convert the Pawnee tribe in the 1830s.
Activity
Read Works

Read Works: The Old Stone House

For Teachers 3rd - 4th
[Free Registration/Login Required] Intended to support elementary students' reading comprehension, historical information is provided. The significance of "The Old Stone House" during the Battle of Brooklyn in the American Revolution is...
Handout
Ancestry

Rootsweb: The Creek War

For Students 9th - 10th
Following the Revolutionary War, more and more settlers began to migrate into what was the territory of the Indians. By the early 19th century, there was open hostilty between whites and Indians. Farmers wanted more land and the Indians...
Activity
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Pocahontas

For Students 3rd - 5th
Learn more about Pocahontas through the accounts of her adventures. This information explains the relationship between Pocahontas and the English settlers.
Activity
Read Works

Read Works: French Native American Relations in the Great Lakes Region

For Teachers 7th - 9th
[Free Registration/Login Required] This historical passage discusses the relations between the French and Native Americans in the Great Lakes Regions during the 1700's and 1800's. This passage is a stand-alone curricular piece that...
Graphic
Curated OER

Early Settlers

For Students Pre-K - 1st
Early Settlers farming
Primary
University of Groningen

American History: Documents: Bacon's Declaration

For Students 9th - 10th
This site provides the full text of Bacon's Declaration of the People, submitted to Sir William Berkeley, July 30, 1676. This declaration states the settlers' anger towards taxes and Indian attacks.
Lesson Plan
Curated OER

National Park Service: Californio to American: A Study in Cultural Change

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This site has a lesson about the ranching industry, creation of California towns and the changes over time. Contains information, inquiry question, historical context, maps, readings, and images.
Website
PBS

Wnet: Thirteen: Frontier Life: The Crow Indians and Montana Settlers

For Students 9th - 10th
Find out how the Crow Indians were affected by the opening of the Montana Territory to white settlement. From a companion essay to the PBS series, Frontier House.
Article
University of Groningen

American History: Essays: The Iron Horse: Ideology

For Students 9th - 10th
From a lengthy essay on the history of the railroad in the United States. This section describes the role of townsite agents who, in addition to helping plan a town, acted as 'information brokers' to advise would-be merchants of the...
Unit Plan
Annenberg Foundation

Annenberg Learner: America's History in the Making: Contested Territories

For Students 9th - 10th
This site highlights the westward expansion of settlers in North America and the effects this expansion had on Native Americans between the Revolutionary and Civil Wars.
Website
Other

Trail of Tears Assoc: The Story Trail of Tears National Historic Trail

For Students 9th - 10th
Follow the early history of Native American and European contact in America. As more settlers moved west, a law was passed to relocate the Cherokee from Arkansas. The routes they followed and the cruelties they suffered came to be known...
Website
Jamestown-Yorktown Foundation

History Is Fun: Jamestown Questions and Answers [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
This document presents important questions about the Jamestown settlement, along with detailed answers. Topics include the Native American Powhatan Indians and their interactions with the settlers, the purpose of creating the settlement...
Activity
National Geographic

National Geographic: Society: A History of Trade in New York City

For Teachers 3rd - 5th
A lesson based on the New York City seal that explores the trading relationship between the Dutch and Native Americans in New Amsterdam.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Square Dancing

For Students 3rd - 8th
Square dancing has been part of American culture since the colonial settlers blended their varied traditions together. Contains historic photos, and an audio track of "Gents Go Center." Requires RealPlayer.
Unit Plan
National Endowment for the Humanities

Neh: Edsit Ement: Colonizing the Bay

For Students 9th - 10th
John Winthrop's "Model of Christian Charity" was delivered as a sermon aboard the Arabella, as the Puritans approached their destination of Massachusetts Bay in 1630. The speech spells out his vision of the society they hoped to create...
Website
Texas A&M University

Sons of Dewitt Colony Texas: Empresario System

For Students 9th - 10th
The empresario system in Texas provided a contract between settler and state. Find out the terms and responsibilities of each party in this site from Texas A&M University. Keep reading to find the duties of an epresario as outlined...
Website
Other

Trail Tribes: Traditional and Contemporary Native Culture

For Students 9th - 10th
An excellent resource on the tribal groups located along the trails followed by explorers Lewis and Clark. Each group has a section devoted to its modern and historical cultures, as well as the tribe's relationship with the United States...
Handout
Other

Lumen Learning: Encroachment and Resistance

For Students 9th - 10th
In the latter part of the 1800s, settlers began to ignore treaties when expanding westward. The government followed suit by declaring they would no longer negotiate new treaties, that they had the power to enforce laws on reservation...
Website
Smithsonian Institution

National Museum of Natural History: Written in Bone: Forensic Files of the 17th Century Chesapeake

For Students 9th - 10th
This very thorough site will fascinate those interested in forensic anthropology. You will learn what you can read from bones, how a face can be reconstructed from a skull, clues you can read from a burial, and about forensic cases both...
Handout
National Women’s History Museum

National Women's History Museum: Pocahontas

For Students 9th - 10th
Among the most famous women in early American history, Pocahontas is credited with helping the struggling English settlers survive.
Unknown Type
My Hero Project

My Hero: Chief Joseph

For Students 9th - 10th
This brief student-written article on Chief Joseph and his efforts to maintain peace between his people and the white settlers includes several links to further information and books for further reading and research.
Lesson Plan
Curated OER

National Park Service: Trail of Tears and Forced Relocation of Cherokee

For Teachers 9th - 10th
This Teaching With Historic Places unit, designed for students in grades 5-12 is about the conflict between American settlers and the Cherokee Nation. Students will outline events leading up to the forced relocation of the Cherokee in...

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