Handout
Columbia University

Columbia University: The Unfinished Dialogue of m.l. King, Jr. & Malcolm X [Pdf]

For Students 9th - 10th
A scholarly article examining the issue of whether Malcolm X and Dr. King could have ever reconciled their different visions of Black America.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Making of African American Identity: World War I

For Students 9th - 10th
Excerpts from "The Official History of the American Negro in World War I" by Emmett J. Scott, depicting the impact of the Great War on African Americans at home. The doubts that whites voiced about African Americans' loyalty and military...
Website
Art Institute of Chicago

Art Institute of Chicago: Art Access: African American Art

For Students 9th - 10th
The Art Institute of Chicago's collection of African American art provides a rich introduction to over 100 years of noted achievements in painting, sculpture, and printmaking. Ranging chronologically from the Civil War era to the Harlem...
Website
Other

Real African American Heroes: Guion S. Bluford, Jr.

For Students 9th - 10th
This site provides the resume and a picture of Guion S. Bluford, Jr., America's first NASA African-American astronaut in space.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Family, Making of African American Identity: V. 2

For Students 9th - 10th
A short story and photographs that illustrate the role family played in shaping African American identity in nineteenth-century America. A link to "The Stones of the Village" by Alice Dunbar-Nelson supports this concept.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Racial Politics, Making of African American Identity: V. 2

For Students 9th - 10th
Chapter from a novel and images that illustrate black political action in late-nineteenth-century America. Frances Harper's 1892 novel Iola Leroy, is examined, covering topics of white supremacy and racial justice.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Two Views, Making of African American Identity: V. 2

For Students 9th - 10th
Two poems that explore the struggles of African Americans in the early-twentieth century. Links to both poems by Fenton Johnson are provided, and illustrate the struggles experienced as black man in white America in the 1910s
Handout
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Frederick Douglass' Role in the Civil War

For Students 3rd - 8th
Frederick Douglass had the ear of Abraham Lincoln. Read about how he used his influence to allow African Americans to join the Union Army,
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Race Problem, Making of African American Identity: V. 2

For Students 9th - 10th
A poem, an address, and a painting that illustrate black political struggle in late-nineteenth-century America. This series of resources characterize "the Negro Problem" as "a concrete test of the underlying principles of the great...
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Business, Making of African American Identity: V. 2

For Students 9th - 10th
A painting and an appeal that explore the role business played in black uplift in nineteenth-century America. This resource focuses on the work of Edward Bannister (1828-1901), one of the leading black painters of the nineteenth century.
Handout
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: America at Play: Jackie Robinson

For Students 3rd - 8th
Illustrated remembrance of Jackie Robinson, who broke the decades-old barrier against African Americans in the major leagues when he joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1945.
Primary
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Toolbox Library: Making of African American Identity: Segregation

For Students 9th - 10th
A Supreme Court decision, a chapter from a novel, and an editorial that explore segregation in late-nineteenth-century America. This resource focuses primarily on Plessy v. Ferguson, and the complexities that followed from this ruling.
Website
Independence Hall Association

U.s. History: African Americans in the British New World: The Middle Passage

For Students 5th - 8th
A description of the Middle Passage, the leg of the triangular trade that brought slaves from Africa to America. Read descriptions of the way slaves were transported in the ships across the ocean.
Handout
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Juneteenth Celebration

For Students 3rd - 8th
This resource is a brief article about Juneteenth, or Emancipation Day, which celebrates the day when Union soldiers arrived in Texas and spread the word that slaves were free.
Handout
The History Cat

The History Cat: History of Colonial America: Jamestown Colony

For Students 9th - 10th
Describes the struggles of the Jamestown Colony to survive in its first years. Many died from disease and starvation, and things only began to turn when the colonists started to grow tobacco. The use of indentured servants and later,...
Handout
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Plessy v. Ferguson

For Students 3rd - 8th
The decision of the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson kept black and white people separate in all public areas for many years. To find out what that meant, and to see some actual photographs, visit this page.
Website
Library of Congress

Loc: America's Story: Great War & Jazz Age (1914 1928)

For Students 3rd - 8th
This Library of Congress time-line series surveys World War I and the Jazz Age. When World War I broke out in Europe, many changes were going on in the United States. Women were voting for the first time and African-American culture was...
Article
National Humanities Center

National Humanities Center: Teacher Serve: Religious Pluralism in the Middle Colonies

For Students 9th - 10th
Essay looks at the phenomenon of religious pluralism in the middle colonies. Author discusses religious sects in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, as well as African Americans and Native Americans.
Handout
Other

American Forces Press Service: Interest Grows in Music Pioneer James Europe

For Students 9th - 10th
Article from the U.S. Department of Defense commemorating James Reese Europe for both his contribution to the 369th Infantry Regiment in World War I and his place in jazz history before and after the war.
Website
American Academy of Achievement

Academy of Achievement: Lloyd Richards

For Students 9th - 10th
A biography of Lloyd Richards, an African American director who introduced Broadway theater audiences to the African American experience through their eyes. He nurtured the talents of some of the best playwrights of the time. Includes a...
Graphic
Other

University of Southern Maine: Biblical Jewish Diaspora

For Students 9th - 10th
This site interprets the ancient documents that recorded Jewish diaspora. Discover the trails of these ancient peoples from throughout history. Interesting information about ancient Jewish and African cultures.
Handout
National Women’s History Museum

National Women's History Museum: Ruby Bridges

For Students 9th - 10th
A biographical look at Ruby Bridges who became famous at six years of age by being the first Black child to attend a desegregated school in America.
Activity
Other

Vanderbilt University: Heard Library: R. P. Warren: Who Speaks for the Negro?

For Students 9th - 10th
An extensive archival collection of material that formed the core of Who Speaks for the Negro?, a book Robert Penn Warren published in 1965 of his interviews with prominent African American writers and activists whose ideas were critical...
Article
Ohio State University

E History: Clash of Cultures: African American New Women

For Students 9th - 10th
An article on the cultural and political experiences of African American women in 1920s America.