When we think of the ocean and what's in it, you probably think of stuff like fish, or salt, or seaweed. But there's a crystal that is so vital to marine life that they take dissolved materials in that salty water and build it...

Prevailing for around 270 million years and encompassing more than 20,000 distinct species, trilobites are some of the most successful lifeforms in Earth's history. When they sprung into existence, they were among the most diverse and...

Ammonite fossils can be found all over world, but in one place, something happened that turned their remains into rainbow-colored gems that are more rare than diamonds!

If you find a glowing rock, it probably doesn't mean you're the chosen one. If it's one of these five phenomena, it's quantum mechanics, not narrative significance.

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There are some places on our planet that seem pretty ordinary, they’re just… weirdly small. Like, a miniature desert, or a teensy volcano. But when you look a little closer, there’s a lot more to these tiny geological misfits than meets...

Hang Sơn Đoòng in Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng National Park is the largest known cave in the world, big enough to have its own jungles, weather, and... pearls?

Engineers would love it if concrete bridges and skyscrapers didn't require so much maintenance, and they might have found the perfect solution using bacteria.

Learn about some materials that seem like they should belong in science fiction, but actually exist today!

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LAME Credit: NASA

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People have been exploring the oceans since prehistoric times, way before they had GPS to help them figure out where they were. Here are 6 ingenious ways our ancestors navigated the oceans.

A 45,500-year-old warty pig drawing is the oldest known cave painting of an animal on record. The piggies were painted in Indonesian caves.

We talked about siliciclastic rocks, so now let's talk about biogenic rocks. These are sedimentary rocks that are derived from the skeletal materials of living organisms. That's right, rocks made of things that were alive! The most...

With siliciclastic and biogenic rocks covered, that leaves only chemogenic rocks to finish up with sedimentary rocks in general. These are rocks that precipitate from natural waters, usually due to evaporation. How does this occur, and...

What common minerals are included in the carbonate, sulfate, and phospate classes? What geological and weather conditions are conducive to the formation of these mineral rocks? And what is a mineraloid?



The 8 Classes of...

Upon viewing the Minerals video series, students will be able to do the following: Define minerals as naturally occurring solids that have a definite chemical makeup and crystal shape. Explain that a crystal is made of particles that...

Process of stalagmite and stalactite formation in limestone Cave, Soreq cave, Avshalom Reserve, near Beit Shemesh, Israel; with audio

Spine fossils in Limestone Stalactite Cave, Soreq cave, Avshalom Reserve, near Beit Shemesh, Israel

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Inside the cave of El Soplao

Stalagmite in Limestone Stalactite Cave, Soreq cave, Avshalom Reserve, near Beit Shemesh, Israel

Limestone Stalactite Cave, Soreq cave, Avshalom Reserve, near Beit Shemesh, Israel