Bozeman Science
Matter as a Wave
In this video Paul Andersen explains how matter can act as a wave at the nanoscale. Louis de Broglie showed that the wavelength of matter can be calculated using the momentum of an object and Planck's constant. The Davisson-Germer...
Bozeman Science
Gravitational Mass
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the gravitational mass is a measure of the force on an object in a gravitational field. The gravitational mass is based on the amount of material in an object and can be measured to a standard kg...
Bozeman Science
Gravitational Force
In this video Paul Andersen explains how an object with mass placed in a gravitational field experiences a gravitational force. On the Earth this gravitational force is known as weight. The gravitational force is equal to the product of...
Bozeman Science
Total Energy
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the total energy of a system is the combination of kinetic, potential and internal energy of the objects. He then shows you how to calculate the kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy, and...
Bozeman Science
Free-Body Diagrams
In this video Paul Andersen explains how free-body diagrams can be used to solve kinematics problems. The only two parts of a free-body diagram are the object and all external forces acting on the object. Numerous situations are...
Bozeman Science
Equivalence Principle
In this video Paul Andersen explains how inertial mass and gravitational mass are equivalent. He shows you too simple methods for calculated individual inertial mass and gravitational mass. Albert Einstein used this principle to build...
Bozeman Science
Linear Momentum
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the linear momentum is equal to the product of the mass of an object and the velocity of the center of mass. He uses video analysis software to calculate the velocity of an object and therefore...
Bozeman Science
Electric Permittivity
In this video Paul Andersen explains how electric permittivity of a material resists the formation of electric fields. Capacitors store energy be preventing the formation of electric fields in dielectric material. The electric...
Bozeman Science
Atomic Nucleus
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the structure of the nucleus influences the properties of the atom. The number of the protons determines the kind of element. Isotopes are formed when the number of protons remain the same but the...
Bozeman Science
Second Law of Thermodynamics
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the second law of thermodynamics applies to reversible and irreversible processes. In a reversible process the net change in entropy is zero. In and irreversible process the entropy will always...
Bozeman Science
Wave Energy
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the energy of a wave if directly related to the amplitude of a wave. The wave energy of a sound wave is the volume of the wave.
Bozeman Science
Conservation of Nucleon Number
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the nucleon number and charge is conserved in all nuclear reactions and radioactive decay. Fission, fusion, alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay all conserve the number of neutrons and...
Bozeman Science
Wave-Particle Duality - Part 2
In this video Paul Andersen explains how classical waves (like light) can have particle properties. Albert Einsetein used the photoelectric effect to show how photons have particle properties.
Bozeman Science
Wave Speed
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the wave speed measure the speed of a wave through a medium. The medium determines the speed of the wave. The velocity of the wave is equal to the product of the wavelength and the frequency of...
Bozeman Science
Average Value of the Electric Field
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the average value of the electric field can be determined by dividing the potential difference by the displacement. Equipotential lines can be used to determine the potential in an electric field...
Bozeman Science
Conservation Laws
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the energy, charge, and momentum in a system is conserved over time.
Bozeman Science
The Vector Properties of Angular Quantities
In this video Paul Andersen explains how a rotating system will have several quantities; including torque, angular velocity, angular acceleration and angular momentum. Each of these quantities have a vector property that can be...
Bozeman Science
Angular Momentum of a System
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the angular momentum of a system can be calculated by determining the angular momentum of all individual objects within the system. An inquiry activity using a gyroscope is also included.
Bozeman Science
Magnetic Permeability
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the magnetic permeability is the ability of a material to form internal magnetic fields. The magnetic permeability of free space is a constant and is much lower than the magnetic permeability of...
Bozeman Science
Electric Field of a Sphere
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the electric field strength decreases as the square of the radius as you move away from a point charge, or a uniform distribution of charge on a sphere. This is a direct application of Coulomb's Law.
Bozeman Science
Interaction Forces
In this video Paul Andersen explains how forces on an object always require another object. An object cannot exert a force on itself. If net forces on an object are balanced the object will remain at rest or move with a constant...
Bozeman Science
Heating
In this video Paul Andersen explains how heating is the transfer of energy (heat) from a warmer object to a cooler object. Heat can be transferred through conduction, convection and radiation. At the microscopic level conduction results...
Bozeman Science
Gravitational Forces
In this video Paul Andersen explains how gravitational forces differ from the other three fundamental forces; electromagnetic, strong, and weak. Gravitational forces are always attractive and operate at all scales. Even though...
Bozeman Science
Vector Sum of Forces
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the vector sum of forces can be used to identify the net force on an object. The net force can be used to determine the overall acceleration of the object using Newton's Second Law.