In 1990, the Italian government enlisted top engineers to stabilize Pisa's famous Leaning Tower. There'd been many attempts during its 800 year history, but computer models revealed the urgency of their situation. The tower would topple...

The year is 432 BCE. As dawn breaks over Athens, Pheidias is already late for work. He is the chief builder for the Parthenon — Athens' newest and largest temple— and when he arrives onsite, city officials accuse him of embezzling gold...

Wari textiles were masterpieces of color and precision, including elite tapestry tunics woven entirely by hand with complex patterns, animals, and symbols of religious power. These luxury items, along with finely crafted jewelry made...

Wari art, especially their colorful and detailed pottery, reflected both their religious beliefs and political power. Influenced by coastal cultures like the Nasca, Wari ceramics featured images of the staff deity, warriors, animals, and...

The Wari believed in a complex spiritual world centered on dualism and a powerful life force, which was represented in their religious art by the staff deity—a figure tied to both life and death. Religious ceremonies included offerings...

The Wari were master engineers who revolutionized farming in the Andes with advanced irrigation systems and expertly designed agricultural terraces. These terraces included layers for drainage, heat retention, and soil replacement,...

The city of Wari began as a Warpa settlement and grew into a bustling capital with somewhere between 10,000 and 70,000 residents. Its unique architecture included D-shaped buildings, multi-story buildings with patio structures, and...

The Wari emerged around 600 CE as the first true empire in the Andes, transforming from the local Warpa culture into a powerful state that united many peoples. Their success was built on smart farming systems, artistic innovation, and...

The Inca Empire built on Wari knowledge and infrastructure, repurposing their roads, urban planning techniques, and possibly even record-keeping tools like quipus. While the Inca did not copy Wari art styles directly, they may have...

The Wari spread their influence not just through diplomacy and feasting, but also with a powerful religious ideology centered on the staff deity, which legitimized their rule and appeared widely in their art. Their expansion often...

The Wari used grand feasts as a political tool to build loyalty and relationships with local leaders and communities. These celebrations included food, chicha (maize beer), and beautifully crafted vessels, sometimes enhanced with special...

Although the Wari built impressive infrastructure, scholars still debate how their empire was ruled—whether by an emperor or a council remains unknown. Wari influence varied by region: some areas were tightly controlled, while others...

In the 1540s, Spanish explorer Pedro Cieza de León came across ancient ruins in Peru that didn’t match Inca design. Locals said the buildings were made by light, bearded people who lived there long before the Inca. Cieza had unknowingly...

The Wari Empire declined gradually in the 10th century, as administrative centers were abandoned and buildings were symbolically closed. While the exact cause is unclear, possibilities include climate change, internal unrest, or the end...

Wari cities were carefully planned with grid-based layouts, multi-story buildings, and enclosed spaces that projected power and control. They used advanced engineering to build terraces, aqueducts, and a huge canal system to grow food...

The Portmahomack monastery in Eastern Scotland, attributed to the ancient Picts, showcases an architectural design based on the Golden Ratio, suggesting a sophisticated understanding of mathematics and design by this mysterious ancient...

Divers working in the Halliburton Forest and Wildlife Reserve in Ontario, Canada recently discovered a submerged, manmade ancient stone structure. This structure is estimated to be 5,000 to 10,000 years old, sparking theories of a...

In ancient Athens, symbols were used to promote religious and democratic ideals and beliefs. Thousands of years later these symbols helped to define the United States.

This live-action video program is about the word Acropolis. The program is designed to reinforce and support a student's comprehension and retention of the word Acropolis through use of video footage, photographs, diagrams and colorful,...

Take a flight of discovery high above the world’s most iconic amphitheaters, from the grandeur of Rome’s Colosseum to the ancient stages of Ephesus and El Jem, showcasing their timeless architecture and historical significance. For more...