60 years ago, in January 1958, the United States launched its first satellite, Explorer 1.

At the end of World War II, the nations of Europe were a shambles. Today we'll learn about how the various countries and blocs approached the problem of rebuilding their infrastructure and helping their residents recover. You'll learn...

In the decades following World War II, life changed in many ways, and a fair number of those changes were for the better. Many of those improvements were driven by advances in science and technology, in fields like biology,...

Remember how Darwin and Mendel lived around the same time, but everyone forgot about Mendel until 1900, and even then biologists saw Darwinism and Mendelism as two competing grand theories about how life works?

Well, in this episode...

In which John Green teaches you about the Cold War, which was occasionally hot, but on average, it was just cool. In the sense of its temperature. It was by no means cool, man. After World War II, there were basically two big...

At the end of our journey through modern European history, we're taking an episode to look back at how the practice of history developed and what the aim and goals and purpose of history have been. We'll also take time to consider how we...

In which John Green teaches you about World War II, aka The Great Patriotic War, aka The Big One. So how did this war happen? And what does it mean? We've all learned the facts about World War II many times over, thanks to repeated...

We talk a lot about Keynesian economics on this show, pretty much because the real world currently runs on Keynesian principles. That said, there are some other economic ideas out there, and today we're going to talk about a few of them....

Omer Bartov is a professor of history at Brown University, where he holds the chair in Holocaust and Genocide Studies. A historian for more than four decades, he began his career by challenging the postwar German myth of a “clean”...

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Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the Moon! In 1969, he flew to space on the Apollo 11 mission and made history with the words, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” Come learn how he became an...

Dictators are overthrown in part 6 of our epic journey through the revolutions that set the power dynamics of our modern civilization.

Iran becomes an Islamic Republic as Ayatollah Khomeini seizes power to become Supreme Leader. Part 5 of our journey through history's greatest revolutions--the moments that shaped modern civilization.

Lucan Way, professor of political science at the University of Toronto, co-authored Revolution and Dictatorship (2022) with Steven Levitsky, examining why revolutionary dictatorships such as the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, and Vietnam...

This World Cultures instructional video discusses Totalitarianism.

On July 27, 1962, two Russian cosmonauts boarded a Soviet airliner and experienced weightlessness without going to space.



This was the first time cosmonauts completed zero-G training on an airplane. The Tupelov Tu-104 was a...

On June 16, 1963, Valentina Nikolayeva Tereshkova became the first woman to travel into space. Tereshkova, a cosmonaut with then-Soviet Russia, launched into space on the Vostok 6 mission and orbited Earth 48 times in 70.8 hours. That's...

On April 19, 1971, the Soviet Union launched the world's first space station, Salyut 1. This space station was a modified version of the Soviet Union's Almaz space station, which was part of a highly classified military program and was...

On April 12, 1961, a human went to space for the first time! Yuri Gagarin was the first Soviet cosmonaut and the first person to orbit the Earth. This was the Soviet Union's next big move in the "space race" after it launched the first...

On April 3, 1973, the Soviet Union launched a small space station called Salyut 2. This was the second space station ever launched and the first military space station. The Soviet Union told the rest of the world that Salyut 2 was a...