John Green teaches you about Voltaire's hugely important Enlightenment novel, Candide. Candide tells a pretty wild story, but for the most part, it's about the best of all possible worlds. Which, spoiler alert, doesn't seem to be the...

UPDATE: We got a couple of things wrong when it comes to gravity (particularly that it has nothing to do with photons). Science is working tirelessly night and day to disprove its own theories about how the universe works (or at least,...

We've learned about rationalism and empiricism as the two important movements in early modern philosophy, and the most important one that followed was idealism, which was an attempt to adapt and synthesize these previous two schools....

We've learned about the early figures in the empiricist movement, so let's continue along the timeline to examine John Locke, David Hume, and Voltaire, among other key figures in the late 17th century. Empiricism helped set the tone for...

With rationalism covered, let's investigate the other important movement in early modern philosophy, empiricism. In its earliest formulation, this included figures like Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes, and contrary to rationalism, which...

With medieval philosophy covered, it's time to dive into modern philosophy, which started with the Renaissance, and lasted until the turn of the 20th century. The beginning of this era is market by the onset of rationalism and...

We've covered two figures out of the great trifecta of Classical Greek philosophy, those being Socrates and Plato, so let's move forward and discuss Aristotle, arguably one of the most important thinkers in the history of mankind, and...