Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: French Alliance Brings Joy to Washington at Valley Forge
General order written by Washington to express pleasure of the Treaty of Alliance with France, ratified in May, 1778.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Putting Pople Back to Work
Read about the many programs that were part of Roosevelt's New Deal that targeted at getting the unemployed back to work.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Social Security
See how the relationship between the government and its citizens was changed with the passage of the Social Security Act in 1935.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Farming Problem
The farm crisis began years before the stock market crash and was made worse by the Great Depression. Read about the legislation that was passed to stabilize commodity prices and help farmers stay on their farms.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: A Helping Hand for Labor
Theodore Roosevelt had many talents. See how he acted as arbitrator in the coal strike of 1902, and supported the demands of the United Mine Workers to improve the working conditions of the miners.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The New Tycoons: Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie was a business magnate in the steel industry. See how he used the vertical integration theory of operating his businesses. Read also about his phlanthropy across the United States after he sold his company.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Irish and German Immigration
Read about the reasons thousands of Irish and Germans emigrated to the United States in the first half of the 19th century. Find out why there was a backlash to influx of so many immigrants, and learn about the Nativists who wanted to...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Southern Colonies: Creating the Carolinas
Read about the founding of the Carolina colony as a place of plantations and aristocrats. See how the farmers in the northern part of Carolina chafed at the control of the rich in the south and split off into North and South Carolina in...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Reaganomics
Read a review of what Reaganomics entailed, and the longterm results of a failed theory.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Progressivsim Sweeps the Nation
The government that supported laissez-faire policies and Social Darwinism was finally considered corrupt and immoral. Read about the ideas of the Progressive Era and see how these ideas were put into activist government policy.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Republicans vs. Democrats
A review of Bill Clinton's domestic policies and scandals in his two terms of office. Focus is on the rancor of the Republicans against Clinton.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Reaching to Asia
Read about American entrance into the spheres of influence in Asia beginning as early as Commadore Perry and his opening of Japan. Find out about American policy in China, Theodore Roosevelt's Nobel Peace Prize, and U.S. relations with...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Southern Colonies: Debtors in Georgia
Georgia, the last colony founded by England, was established for competing reasons. Read about James Oglethorpe's vision for a utopian colony, and find out about why that vision failed, but the colony survived.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Muckrakers
Sometimes a pen can be wielded more lethally than a sword. Read about the brave muckrakers who exposed corruption and injustice in government and business. These journalists attacked different areas, but the result was an introduction to...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Southern Colonies: Maryland the Catholic Experiment
What began as a place of refuge for Catholics who were discriminated against in England, the colony of Maryland soon suffered religious strife even after the passage of the Toleration Act of 1649. Find out what caused the strife and why...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Life in the 1980s
Read about the advent of cable television in the 1980s and the many stations that spawned. It was also the time of drug wars, the idea that greed was good, and the beginning of the scourge of AIDS.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Equal Rights Amendment
Read about the early success of the Equal Rights Amendment and its ultimate failure to receive the requisite support of the state legislatures.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The New Tycoons: J. Pierpont Morgan
J. Pierpont Morgan was not business tycoon who made his money from manufacturing. Read about how he accumulated wealth, how he helped the government through some economic panics, and why the government took him to court.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Beginnings of Revolutionary Thinking: Trial of John Peter Zenger
Freedom of the press? That was not always an accepted right. Read about the trial of John Peter Zenger, who was accused of libel for printing truths about the royal governor of New York. Find out the outcome of the trial and what it...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Great Upheaval
What started as a localized railway strike by workers upset by a pay cut spread across the country in the summer of 1877. Read about the striking workers and the force used against them, how the strike affected rail service, and what the...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: George Washington: The First Administration
Read about George Washington's presidency. See why his role was so important in setting precedents to be followed by future chief executives. Find out about some of the warts in his personality too, all of which made him more human.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Historic Valley Forge: Major General Alexander Hamilton
A short biography of Alexander Hamilton containing information on his military service during the American Revolution as well as his later life in politics.
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: Japanese American Internment
After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, fear of Japanese-Americans irrationally increased, resulting in Roosevelt's executive order that created internment camps for American citizens. Read about the camps, the life in the camps, and...
Independence Hall Association
U.s. History: The Townshend Acts
It seems like the British Parliament was just throwing laws at the American colonists just to see what might stick. Read about the Townshend Acts that were passed after the Declaratory Act which was passed after the repeal of the Stamp...