We need to talk about the biggest break-up of all-time: the break-up of the supercontinent Pangea, and how, ultimately, when India smashed back into Asia, it traded one form of evolutionary isolation for another.

Mountains may look like they've all been stagnant for thousands of years, but the life cycle of a mountain is actually quite fascinating. From mountain ranges in space, to why Earth isn’t a water-world, here are some videos exploring the...

There are still lots of unsolved mystery about carbonados ("black diamonds"), and geologists even think those mystery rocks come from outside of Earth.

The ground beneath your feet is home to a massive, mysterious world of microbes -- some of which have been in the earth's crust for hundreds of thousands of years. What's it like down there? Take a trip to the volcanoes and hot springs...

It’s easy to discount the history and evolution of mountains on our jagged world, but they really hold an immense amount of information about history within them. From mountain ranges in space, to why Earth isn’t a waterworld, here are...

The uppermost solid layer of the Earth beneath the oceans. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce...

Molten rock below the surface of the Earth. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract concepts and...

It's time to talk about everyone's favorite geological feature, volcanoes! What are these things? Why do they erupt? What are the different types of volcanoes? How do they form? What happens to their lava? Let's learn about all of these...

With minerals better understood, it's time to discuss rocks. The first type of rock we will discuss is igneous rock. These rocks are formed when magma/lava crystallizes. But how does the mantle rock melt to form magma in the first place?...

Now that we know how igneous rocks form, what are the types of igneous rocks? This depends on precisely where they form, and we can call them either intrusive or extrusive. These can also be called either plutonic or volcanic. What do...

This video discusses the formation of volcanic mountains and the role of lithospheric plate movement in this process. It explains how plates can interact with each other in different ways, such as moving away, towards, or sliding past...