Exploring Crystalline Ionic Solids.

Crystalline solids have a regular internal arrangement of particles, a long range order, and sharp melting points. They are hard and rigid, with a characteristic heat of fusion. They are...

Clear as Glass: A Guide to Crystalline Solids

Crystalline solids consist of substances with their constituents arranged in a precise and organized manner. A wide variety of naturally occurring solid substances can be found in...

Hubble doesn't just look at distant nebula and galaxies, but has also observed celestial bodies and events in our own solar system. So what has it seen?

The Born-Haber cycle calculates lattice energy using steps like ionization, electron affinity, and sublimation, showing the energetics of ionic compound formation

Lattice energy is the energy released when ions combine to form an ionic solid. Higher lattice energy indicates a stronger ionic bond and greater stability

Fajan's rules explain how factors like ion size, charge, and polarizability determine whether a bond will be predominantly ionic or covalent

Cations, formed by electron loss, influence ionic bond strength. Smaller cations with higher charges create stronger ionic interactions

NaCl forms when sodium transfers an electron to chlorine, creating Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions that attract each other to form a stable ionic lattice.

Definitions and examples of three distinct chemical classifications: elements, compounds and mixtures.
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We investigate the conditions needed for rust to form. Four iron nails are placed under different conditions. One is half submerged in water. Another is completely submerged in boiled water. One is half submerged in salt water. The final...

We use filtration and evaporation to separate out a mixture of water, sand and salt. The sand is removed using filtration, as it did not dissolve in the water. The remaining solution is heated until the water evaporates, leaving behind...

We use a Bunsen burner to burn different chemical salts to see how the flame colour changes. This shows that sodium burns with a yellow flame, lithium burns with a red flame, barium burns with a yellow-green flame and copper burns with a...

Electric eels can generate amazing amounts of electricity inside their body. Discover how they use this for defence and to stun potential prey. Physics - Electricity And Circuits - Learning Points. Electric eels create electricity to...

In chemistry, an ionic compound containing positive metal ions and negative non-metal ions. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...

Discover the world of minerals and learn about their uses.
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Material processes - Classifying materi
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Learning Points
Minerals are naturally occurring substan
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By the end of this learning object, the student will be able to: Explain the meaning of salts and their properties.14004

In this video we cover:

- How the electrolysis of soluble compounds w
orks
- The rules to find out which ions are discharge at each
electrode
- Electrolysis of aqueous
copper sulfate
- Electrolysis of...

This video covers:

0:21 - What a molecu
le is
1:11 - What a c
ompound is
3:11 - How to use brackets in a c
hemical formula
4:48

- What a mixture is
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:
- All tiers
- All exam...

Whether we look at the mass, Mr or number of atoms, the mass is always conserved in chemical reactions. However, it may sometimes appear as if the mass changes if some of our reactants or products are gases. We can fix this problem...

In this video we'll look at:

- How filtration can be used to separate insoluble solids from a l
iquid
- How evaporation can be used to separate a soluble solid from
a solution
- How crystallisation can be used to separate a...

Electrons and Ions describes what occurs in an atom when electrons are added or removed from the outer shell using the terms ion, bonding, gain, lose, and charge.

The video discusses a required practical activity from the chemistry specification, which is an experiment to investigate how increasing the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of the reaction by observing a precipitate. The...

The video discusses the conservation of mass in chemical reactions and the application of this principle in calculating the mass of reactants and products. It also explores the features of chemical equations such as balancing and state...

The video explains the process of electrolysis of molten iron compounds. It discusses what electrolysis is and how it works, with a focus on the movement and reaction of ions at each electrode. The video also explains the concept of an...