Bozeman Science
Equilibrium
In this video Paul Andersen explains how equilibrium is achieved in a reversible reaction. When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction the system is at equilibrium. Graphical analysis of equilibrium...
Bozeman Science
The Equilibrium Constant
In this video Paul Andersen defines the equilibrium constant (K) and explains how it can be calculated in various reversible reactions. The equilibrium constant is a ratio of the concentration of the products to the concentration of the...
Bozeman Science
Loss of Biodiversity
In this video Paul Andersen explains how biodiversity measures the variety of genes, species, and ecosystems on the planet. Biodiversity provides resources and ecosystem services for humans on the planet. He also explains how...
Bozeman Science
Motion
In this video Paul Andersen describes motion as the movement of an object over time. Displacement, velocity and acceleration are all defined. An experiment in motion is used to calculate velocity and acceleration of a tennis ball.
Bozeman Science
Enthalpy of Reaction
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the enthalpy of a reaction can be released in an exothermic or consumed in an endothermic reaction. According to Hess's law if the reaction is reversed the sign of the enthalpy of reaction is also...
Bozeman Science
The Rate of Reactions
In this video Paul Andersen defines the rate of a reaction as the number of reactants that are consumed during a given period of time. The rate of the reaction can be affected by the type of reaction as well as the concentration,...
Bozeman Science
The Rate Law
Paul Andersen explains how the rate law can be used to determined the speed of a reaction over time. Zeroth-order, first-order and second-order reactions are described as well as the overall rate law of a reaction. The rate of a reaction...
Bozeman Science
Mining
In this video Paul Andersen explains how mining is used to extract valuable minerals from the Earth's crust. Surface and subsurface mining are used to extract ore which is then processed. A discussion of ecosystem impacts and legislation...
Bozeman Science
Rotational Motion
In this video Paul Andersen explains how a net torque acting on an object will create rotational motion. This motion can be described by the angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration. The linear velocity can be...
Bozeman Science
Wave-Particle Duality of Light
In this video Paul Andersen explains how light can be treated as both a particle and a wave. Physicists use scale to determine which model to use when studying light. When the wavelength of light is equivalent to the size of the object a...
Bozeman Science
Gases
In this video Paul Andersen explains how gases differ from the other phases of matter. An ideal gas is a model that allows scientists to predict the movement of gas under varying pressure, temperature and volume. A description of both...
Bozeman Science
Thermodynamics and P-V Diagrams
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the First Law of Thermodynamics applies to an ideal gas in a piston. A pressure-volume graph can be used to determine the type of thermodynamic process. Included is a discussion of and P-V diagram...
Bozeman Science
Position, Velocity and Acceleration
In this video Paul Andersen explains for the position of an object over time can be used to calculate the velocity and acceleration of the object. If a net force acts on a object it will experience an acceleration.
Bozeman Science
Resistors and Capacitors
In this video Paul Andersen explains how resistors and capacitors affect circuits. The resistance of a resistor is affected by the resistivity of the material and the geometry of the resistor. The current through a resistor can be...
Bozeman Science
Solubility
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the dissolution of a solute in a solution can be explained as a reversible reaction. Bonds in the solid solute are broken and the ions are dissolved in a solution. The Ksp (or solubility product...
Bozeman Science
Electromagnetic Waves
In this video Paul Andersen details the characteristics of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves that can move through both mediums and vacuums. The electric and magnetic fields oscillate perpendicular to the...
Bozeman Science
Ray Diagrams - Mirrors
In this video Paul Andersen explains how ray diagrams can be used to determine the size and location of a reflected image. Ray diagrams for plane, concave, and convex mirrors are included.
Bozeman Science
Emission and Absorption Spectra
In this video Paul Andersen explains how the photons emitted from or absorbed by an atom or nuclei is directly related to electrons moving between energy level. Absorption and emission are a direct result of the conservation of energy....
Bozeman Science
Elastic and Inelastic Collisions
In this video Paul Andersen compares and contrasts elastic and inelastic collisions. In all collisions the linear momentum will be conserved. In an elastic collision the kinetic energy of the objects will also be maintained. Several...
Bozeman Science
Magnetic Field of a Wire
In this video Paul Andersen explains how current moving through a wire will generate a magnetic field tangent to the wire. As the current increases the magnetic field will increase and as the radius from the wire increase the magnitude...
Bozeman Science
Measuring the Magnetic Force
In this video Paul Andersen explains how a magnetic force arises when magnets or moving electric charges interact with one another. A magnetic dipole will orient towards a magnetic field. When an electric charge is moving it will...
Bozeman Science
Magnetic Properties
In this video Paul Andersen explains how all material has magnetic properties. Ferromagnetic material can be permanently magnetized, paramagnetic material will align with magnetic fields, and diamagnetic material will align weakly with...
Bozeman Science
Diffraction Effects
In this video Paul Andersen explains how diffraction can be affected by the size of the wavelength. When waves pass through an opening or move around an obstacle a shadow region is created. The size of the shadow zone will decrease as...
Bozeman Science
Electromagnetic Radiation
In this video Paul Andersen details the waves in electromagnetic radiation. There is an inverse relation between the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic radiation includes gamma rays, x-rays, infrared...