In this video, a philosophy student discusses one of the most basic tools in the philosophers' tool kit: the distinction between necessary and sufficient conditions. [3:14]

The concept of justification is fundamental to good, careful thinking. But what does it mean for a belief or action to be justified? In this video, Kelley sheds some light on how to assess whether a belief and action is justified. [3:11]

In this video, Geoff Pynn explores how deductive arguments give us reason to believe their conclusions. Good deductive arguments guarantee their conclusions, and so must be valid and have true premises. [5:40]

Geoff Pynn tells you what critical thinking is, what an argument is, and what the difference between a deductive and an ampliative argument is. [9:49]

In this video, Kelley builds on the understanding of necessary and sufficient conditions laid out in her previous video on the topic. In addition to providing further illustrative examples, Kelley addresses a new complexity: that our...

Dr. Greg Ganssle discusses the role of deductive arguments and evidence in deciding what to believe, both in philosophy and more generally.