The investigative powers of Congress are inherent powers that compel people to share information and make enforcement of legislation possible.

Congress conducts investigations into many issues. Recently it has initiated more special investigative commissions, and this role has become as important as its lawmaking role.

Congress uses its investigative powers when determining whether someone should be impeached. The process is explained here.

The power to impeach a high-ranking government official or the president is not often invoked. The process begins in the House of Representatives, and after a vote to proceed, the Senate conducts the trial.

Maladministration is a term that was discussed in 1787 as a reason for initiating impeachment proceedings against a president. It is still contemplated today.