Students calculate wind chill using a mathematical formula. In this earth science lesson, students compare the wind chill in Antarctica to that of their local area. They explain how this can lead to hypothermia.

Students comprehend that Carbon dioxide gas is relatively easy to generate. They comprehend that one way to produce it is with dry ice. Pupils comprehend that carbon dioxide gas can also be produced by combining baking soda with vinegar.

Students determine the heat energy needed to vaporize (boil) one gram of liquid nitrogen.