Curated Video
Sp² Hybridization in Ethene: The Secret of Double Bonds
Hybridization Process: Carbon atoms undergo sp² hybridization, mixing one 2s and two 2p orbitals to form three sp² hybrid orbitals arranged in a trigonal planar geometry (120° bond angles). Bond Formation: Two sp² orbitals form sigma (σ)...
Curated Video
Valence Bond Theory: A Journey into Chemical Bonding
Valence Bond (VB) theory explains how chemical bonds form through the overlap of atomic orbitals, where electron pairs are shared between atoms. The key concepts include: Atomic Orbital Overlap: Bonds form when atomic orbitals from...
Curated Video
Formal Charge Made Simple: A Guide to Molecular Stability
Formal Charge Made Simple: A Guide to Molecular Stability Formal charge is a bookkeeping tool used to estimate the charge distribution within a molecule. It is calculated by comparing the number of valence electrons in an atom's free...
Curated Video
Lewis Structures in Action: CO₂ and NO₂ Examples
In this topic, we explore how to draw and interpret the Lewis structures of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), two important molecules in chemistry. CO₂ features a linear structure with double bonds between carbon and...
Curated Video
Mastering Lewis Structures: Essential Rules for Drawing Bond Maps
Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. These structures are crucial in understanding how atoms share or transfer electrons to form stable...
Curated Video
VSEPR Theory Postulates: The Rules Behind Molecular Geometry
The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory predicts molecular shapes by focusing on the repulsion between electron pairs surrounding a central atom. The main postulates include: Electron Pair Repulsion: Electron pairs...
Curated Video
VSEPR Theory: Predicting Molecular Shapes with Ease
VSEPR postulates state that the geometry of a molecule depends on the number and arrangement of bonding and lone electron pairs around the central atom
Curated Video
Geometry in BeCl₂ & BF₃: A VSEPR Theory Perspective
BeCl₂ and BF₃ exhibit linear and trigonal planar geometries, respectively, as predicted by the VSEPR theory, minimizing electron pair repulsion
Curated Video
Multiple Covalent Bonds: The Power of Double and Triple Bonds
Double and triple bonds involve the sharing of two or three pairs of electrons, providing additional stability and influencing molecular properties like rigidity and reactivity
Curated Video
Covalent Bonds: Sharing Electrons for Stability
Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons to complete their valence shells, creating strong and directional interactions.
Curated Video
The Nature of Chemical Bonds: How Electronegativity Shapes Them
Electronegativity differences between atoms determine the type of bond: ionic bonds form when the difference is large, while covalent bonds form with similar electronegativity.
Curated Video
Ionic Bonds: Chemistry’s Magnetic Attractions
Ionic bonds form due to the electrostatic attraction between positively charged cations and negatively charged anions, often resulting in crystalline solids
Curated Video
Electronic Theory of Valency: The Key to Bond Formation
This theory states that valency arises from the tendency of atoms to achieve a stable electronic configuration by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons to form bonds
Curated Video
Chemical Bonding Unveiled: The Basics of Chemistry's Glue
Chemical bonding explains how atoms combine to form molecules. It involves forces like ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds that hold atoms together, dictating the physical and chemical properties of substances.
Science ABC
What Are Valence Electrons And How To Find Them?
Valence electrons are the electrons that are located in the outermost shell of an atom. In other words, these are the electrons that can be gained or lost during a chemical reaction. In order to determine the number of valence electrons...
Science ABC
What Are The Different Atomic Models? Dalton, Rutherford, Bohr and Heisenberg Models Explained
Atomic Models: Centuries ago, people didn’t know exactly what was inside an atom, but they had some “ideas”. Around 400 BC, a Greek philosopher named Democritus came up with a theory that everything in the world was made of tiny...
Science ABC
Resonance (Chemistry) Explained in Simple Words with Examples
Resonance is a way of describing delocalized electrons within certain molecules where a single Lewis formula cannot express the bonding. To understand resonance in chemistry, you need to first understand covalent bonds, sigma and pi...
Science ABC
Does Water Expand When It Freezes?
Yes, water expands when it freezes. Note that the word expands here indicates an increase in volume. So, a technically sound way to put it would bewaters volume increases when it freezes. This statement is accurate, and you can test its...
Science ABC
Can Metals Exist as Gases?
Yes, metals can exist in gaseous forms. To illustrate, let's consider lead, which has a boiling point of 1740°C. When heated past its melting point of 327°C, lead turns into a gas at 1740°C. Another notable example is mercury, which...
Science ABC
Bose Einstein Condensate Explained in Simple Words
Bose Einstein condensate is considered the fifth state of matter - its obtained when gas particles are cooled to almost absolute zero temperature. To generate the Bose-Einstein condensate, the first step is to obtain a cloud of gas; a...
Science ABC
Black Holes Explained: What Is a Black Hole? How They Form?
A black hole is a celestial body or simply a place in space where the gravitational pull is so high that nothing, not even light can escape it. This is why it's completely black, and hence it's called a black hole. A black hole's...
Science ABC
What Is The Smallest Particle We Know?
We have built beautiful particle accelerators in the search for particles that are even more elementary than electrons, protons, and neutrons. The accelerators smash subatomic particles at enormous speeds, which causes them to shatter...
Science ABC
Why Doesn’t Water Burn, Despite Being Made Of Combustible Substances (Hydrogen And Oxygen)?
Water is formed as a result of the combustion of hydrogen. In simple words, water is what you get when you burn hydrogen. So, water doesn’t burn because, in a way, it has already burned. You get ashes when you burn paper; but when you’re...
Science ABC
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: Explained in Simple Words
Heisenbergs uncertainty principle says that if we know everything about where a particle is located, we know nothing about its momentum. Conversely, if we know everything about its momentum, then we know nothing about where the particle...