You’ve probably heard of mRNA, thanks to the COVID-19 vaccine. But what is mRNA exactly? In this episode of Crash Course Biology, we learn about the role of messenger RNA in living things and how it decodes our DNA instruction manual...

Join the Amoeba Sisters in this longer review video as they review food chains, food webs, how energy flows through trophic levels (including the 10% rule), ecological relationships (including parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism),...

Tuna are big, fast-swimming ocean fish. They're hardly the natural prey of cats, whose ancestors evolved in the desert. Yet a study of taste receptors in cats shows that they're predisposed to LOVE tuna.<br/>

Explore the four biomolecules and their importance for organisms and the structure and function of their cells! This 2023 UPDATED Biomolecules Amoeba Sisters video has some more detail and improved art from the 2016 Amoeba Sisters...

Paul Andersen reviews the major concepts within the fifth unit of the new AP Biology framework. He starts with a description of both DNA and RNA. He explains how DNA is copied during the S phase of mitosis. He explains how...

Paul Andersen explains how living organisms exchange matter with the environment. The importance of the surface area to volume ratio is emphasized using a simple mathematical model. The essential chemicals for life; water, carbon,...

Our understanding of both clogged arteries and the building blocks of DNA are thanks to the groundbreaking work of Dr. Marie M. Daly, the first Black woman in the U.S. to receive a Ph. D. in chemistry.

When it comes to fighting COVID-19, scientists are throwing every bit of science we’ve got at it. A creative technique some researchers are looking into involves using gene therapy to fight this virus with… another virus!

Join the Amoeba Sisters as they take a brisk "stroll" through their biology playlist! This review video can refresh your memory of major concepts, help you identify what you need to re-study, and reinforce vocab. Expand these details for...

Already watched the Amoeba Sisters first video on enzymes and ready to explore a little more? In this video, the Amoeba Sisters cover a few examples of enzymes in the human body before emphasizing that enzymes are found in all the...

Although we've spent a lot of time in this series looking at human-made organic chemicals, the term "organic chemistry" was originally used to describe molecules isolated from living things. In this episode of Crash Course Organic...

Explore the cycling of carbon among carbon reservoirs! Then discover the importance of nitrogen, essential for amino acids and nucleotides, and learn about the nitrogen cycle! Expand details for table of contents. Table of Contents:...

Why is RNA just as cool as DNA? Join the Amoeba Sisters as they compare and contrast RNA with DNA and learn why DNA should be sharing the limelight! Table of Contents: 00:00 Intro 0:54 Similarities of DNA and RNA 1:35 Contrasting DNA and...

Paul Andersen explains the importance and structure of nucleic acids. He begins with an introduction to DNA and RNA. He then describes the important parts of a nucleotide and shows how they are connected through covalent and hydrogen...

Microbes that live in extreme environments, like geysers and hydrothermal vents, are able to survive in extreme temperatures. Scientists have figured out ways to use this thermostability to supercharge DNA studies, including the study of...

Hank talks about the molecules that make up every living thing - carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins - and how we find them in our environment and in the food that we eat.

Paul Andersen describes the four major biological molecules found in living things. He begins with a brief discussion of polymerization. Dehydration synthesis is used to connect monomers into polymers and hydrolysis breaks them down...

The history of discovering what DNA is, what it looks like, and how it works is... complicated. But, in this episode of History of Science, Hank Green does his best to lay out the basics so we can understand the beginnings of Biotechnology.

Paul Andersen explains how polymers are formed from monomers. He describes how carbohydrates, protein and nucleic acids are created through condensation reactions. He also explains how these macromolecules are broken down through the...

Paul Andersen describes the macromolecules that make up living organisms. He starts with a brief description of organic chemistry and the importance of functional groups. He also covers both dehydration and hydrolysis in...

short video bichemist makeup of cells - lipids, protein, nucleic acids, carbohydrates for middle school science

What is a nucleotide? What is a nucleobase? What is the function of a nucleotide? Nucleotides essentially are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.

There are 4 main types of carbon-based molecules important to life. They are the building blocks for every living organism on this planet. In this video, I will give you a quick introduction to each type with some fun examples.

Carbon-based molecules are the basis of life as we know it. Molecules like lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates that make up all living things have one thing in common - carbon.