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Heat
The transfer of thermal energy. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract concepts and key...
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Phlogiston and Oxygen
How French Chemist Antoine Lavoisier revealed the true significance of oxygen and brought about the birth of modern chemistry. Chemistry - Periodic Table - Learning Points. Antoine Lavoisier experimented with weighing substances before...
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Big Bang Theory
Discover one theory about a single event over 13.8 billion years ago, that might have created our Universe. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. The Big Bang took place over 13.8 billion years ago. The Big Bang caused our Universe to...
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Discovery of Phosphorus
The story of Hennig Brand and how he discovered the element phosphorus by boiling buckets of urine. Discover why his experiments paved the way for the discovery of the modern chemical elements. Chemistry - Periodic Table - Learning...
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Introduction to the Periodic Table
In 1869, Russian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev created the Periodic Table, ordering the naturally occurring elements by their structure and properties. His Periodic Table changed the course of Chemistry forever, and even predicted the...
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Changing States of Matter
Water can either be a solid, a liquid or a gas. How does matter change state? Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. Ice, liquid water and steam all consist of exactly the same molecules. Evaporation occurs when the temperature...
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Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider, the world's longest particle accelerator, is exciting scientists around the world who hope it can recreate the moments just after the Big Bang. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. The Large Hadron Collider is...
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The Genius Sperm Bank: Part 2
Meet the grown-up designer babies created by Robert Graham's Genius Sperm Bank in 1970s America. Were any geniuses? Biology - Cells And DNA - Learning Points. Germinal choice was introduced by millionaire Robert Graham. Children born of...
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Black Holes
Discover how dying stars transform into black holes, areas of mass so great that even light can't escape. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. When a star dies, it collapses and condenses into a single point, known as a singularity. The...
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The Curse of Phlogiston
The 17th century German chemist Johann Becher proposed that an element, phlogiston, was released when substances burned. He was wrong, and his incorrect theory led many early chemists to misunderstand the significance of some of their...
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Nitrates: Food Preservatives
Potassium nitrate is a natural substance found in your food, or in an exploding firework. What makes it so versatile? Chemistry - Chemical Industries - Learning Points. Potassium nitrate preserves our food and is a component of...
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Solids, Liquids and Gases
What is the difference between solids, liquids and gases? How does each state behave? Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. The kinetic theory of matter states that particles are in constant motion and there are forces of...
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The Carbon Cycle
Through organic matter, rocks and the oceans, the element central to all life on Earth is constantly on the move. Earth Science - Earth's Resources - Learning Points. The carbon cycle is a transfer of carbon between living matter and the...
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What is Sound?
Sounds can vary greatly: extremely quiet or deafeningly loud, high and shrill to low and booming. Why are they so different? Physics - Waves - Learning Points. Sound is a vibration passed to and fro along particles forming a wave. It can...
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Bell in a Vacuum
We look at how a vacuum affects how sound travels. An alarm is set off and placed under a bell jar. The air is removed from the jar to create a vacuum. We can still see the hammer of the alarm clock moving, but cannot hear the sound....
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Natural Versus Artificial
Are all artificial chemicals bad for our health? Revealing the health implications of natural and artificial chemicals, and the natural chemicals which can be deadly. Chemistry - Chemical Industries - Learning Points. All matter consists...
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Big Bang Evidence
Discover the scientific evidence that supports the Big Bang theory - from the expanding Universe to cosmic microwave background radiation. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. An expanding Universe, an abundance of light elements, and...
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The Search for Dark Matter
Deep underground in a disused mine in Yorkshire, scientists are searching for particles that can't be seen and have never been detected, but might bind our Universe together. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. Dark matter is believed...
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Plasma (physics)
A gaseous state of matter which contains a significant proportion of electrically charged particles called ions. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual...
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Antimatter
Matter composed of antiparticles. For every particle of ordinary matter there is a corresponding antiparticle which has the same mass but the opposite charge. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds...
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Vacuum
Space which contains no matter at all. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract concepts and key...
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Gases – Big reveal
What is it? ... It's the surface of a bubble! Material processes - Solids, liquids and gases - Gases A Twig Tidbit Film - Big Reveal. The image zooms out from an extreme close-up to full frame. The children have to guess what the image is.
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What is soil?
Discover the millions of microorganisms in soil. Material processes - Classifying materials - Soil Learning Points Soil is a mixture of rock particles, organic matter, air and water. Soil is formed over many years when rock is weathered...
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Mass vs. Weight
What is the difference between mass and weight? Physical processes -Force and motion - Gravity Learning Points Mass is the amount of stuff in an object, it is measured in grams and kilograms. The force of gravity acting on an object is...