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Food Basics: Proteins
Proteins are at the root of virtually all bodily functions, from growth to metabolism to transporting oxygen around the body. Learn how your body makes or ingests all the protein you need. Chemistry - Chemical Industries - Learning...
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Heavy Water
Why did allied soldiers in World War Two embark on a dangerous mission to stop the Nazis using heavy water? Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. Atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers...
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Alkali Metals
Witness the exciting reactions that occur when alkali metals come into contact with other substances. What does this tell us about their properties? Chemistry - Periodic Table - Learning Points. The alkali metals make up Group 1 of the...
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Types of Weather: Rain
Rain is essential to our planet. Without it, all life on Earth would struggle to survive. How do rain clouds form and what determines whether it rains or not? Earth Science - Weather - Learning Points. Rainfall comes from the clouds...
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Mars: The Search for Water
We know that Mars once had a landscape with oceans and rivers, but what happened to it? Physics - Universe - Learning Points. Although Mars is a freezing dry world today, it is thought the planet was once like Earth. If liquid water once...
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MRI
MRI machines are now commonly used in hospitals to build amazing images of inside our bodies. Discover how magnets allow them to do this. Physics - Electricity And Circuits - Learning Points. MRI machines use magnets to take images of...
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We Are All Made of Stars
Discover how elements are formed in the centre of stars, and how some elements are formed in even more spectacular conditions. Chemistry - Periodic Table - Learning Points. Most elements were created in space. At the beginning of the...
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Carbon: Synthetic Diamonds
Diamonds take millions of years to form within the Earth's mantle, but now scientists are trying to produce them synthetically. Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. Diamonds take a long time to form in the Earth's mantle....
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Electrolysis of Water
We use electrolysis to break water molecules down into hydrogen and oxygen. This is done using the Hoffman apparatus. Water is added to the apparatus along with some dilute sulfuric acid. When a current is passed through the water,...
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Capillary Action
Water is added to dry and bent matchsticks to let us see capillary action at work. The wood absorbs the water causing the matchsticks to straighten. Biology - Plants - Learning Points. Water is a polar molecule because the electrons are...
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Hydrogels
We use a disposable nappy to examine the superabsorbent properties of hydrogels. We add water to grains of hydrogel and watch them swell before adding salt to see the water escape. Chemistry - Chemical Industries - Learning Points....
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What is an Atom?
From our bodies to the oceans and stars, everything is made of millions upon millions of tiny atoms. But what are atoms made of? Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. The building blocks of all elements are called atoms. Atoms...
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Atomic Structure
What does the Periodic Table tell us about the elements, their properties and behaviours? And why does the atomic number define each element? Chemistry - Periodic Table - Learning Points. The structure of the atom reveals why the...
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Collision Theory
Discover that altering the number of successful collisions between particles is key to changing the rate of chemical reactions. How this can be manipulated? Chemistry - ReactionsLearning Points. New substances are made when particles...
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Covalent Bonding
How non-metal elements combine by covalent bonds to form compounds. Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. Covalent bonds occur between non-metal atoms. The number of bonds depends on how many electrons are in the outer shell....
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Introduction to Chemical Bonding
The basic ways elements combine to create compounds, fundamental to life as we know it. Chemistry - Atoms And Bonding - Learning Points. There are 92 naturally occurring elements. They fall into two categories: metals and non-metals....
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Big Bang Evidence
Discover the scientific evidence that supports the Big Bang theory - from the expanding Universe to cosmic microwave background radiation. Physics - Universe - Learning Points. An expanding Universe, an abundance of light elements, and...
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Climate Cycles
How climatologists use ice cores, cylindrical cones of ice drilled from glaciers, to reveal Earth's historical cycles of climate change. Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. The Earth has natural, long cycles of climate. The...
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How the Oceans Formed
The same water has been on Earth for four and a half billion years. Where did this water come from? Earth Science - Weather - Learning Points. 4.5 billion years ago, the Earth's surface was too hot for water to exist. Inside the Earth's...
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Planetary nebula
A glowing cloud of dust and gas surrounding a star towards the end of its life cycle. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...
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Carbohydrate
Molecules such as sugar and starch, which form an important energy source for living organisms. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig...
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Neutral
In between two extremes, neither one thing nor another. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract...
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Hydroxide
Refers to the hydroxide ion, which is a negative ion consisting of an oxygen atom covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise...
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Salt
In chemistry, an ionic compound containing positive metal ions and negative non-metal ions. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science...