Science ABC
Why Do Airplanes Need To Fly So High?
Commercial airplanes typically fly between 32,000 feet and 38,000 feet, with the sweet spot being approximately 35,000 feet. One of the main reasons commercial airplanes fly so high is air resistance. You see, the higher you go above the...
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Methane
A colourless and odorless gas that belongs to the alkane group of hydrocarbons. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary...
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Complete combustion
A combustion reaction in which all of the products are fully oxidised and the maximum amount of energy is released. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual...
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Fossil fuels
Fuel formed over millions of years, in conditions of high heat and pressure, from the fossilised remains of dead organic matter such as plants and animals. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds...
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Coke
A fuel produced by heating coal in the absence of air. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract...
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Alcohol
An organic compound containing a hydroxyl group (OH) bound to a carbon atom. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films...
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Exothermic
A chemical reaction or process that releases heat. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning images and concise textual definitions. Twig Science Glossary Films reinforce abstract...
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Factpack: Non-Edible Crops
As well as being foodstuffs, some common crops have surprising uses. Biology - Plants - Learning Points. A Twig FactPack Film. Open a discussion on what has been already learnt in a topic, or use to grab attention at the start of a...
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Fly Me to the Moon
What do you need to do to get into space? An explanation of orbits, forces and the 'slingshot effect'. Physics - Our Solar System - Learning Points. In order to land on the Moon, Apollo 11 had to be launched at just the right speed. If a...
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Death of the Sun
The Sun is dying, getting hotter as it goes. Eventually it will shrink into a black dwarf, but life will have vanished long before. Physics - Our Solar System - Learning Points. The Sun is 5 billion years old and will begin to die in 5...
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Percentage yield
A measurement of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, calculated by dividing the actual amount of product by the theoretical maximum amount. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60 seconds using stunning...
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Bottled Water: The True Cost
What is the expense, and environmental cost, of bottling water when tap water is freely available? Earth Science - Earth's Resources - Learning Points. Bottled water is up to 10,000 times more expensive than tap water. Bottled water has...
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Deforestation
Discover how the destruction of the rainforest impacts ecosystems, and begins a cycle that contributes to global warming. Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. Forests are home to 70% of Earth's land animals and plants....
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Global Dimming
Even though the planet is warming, the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface is decreasing. What is causing this, and what effect does it have? Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning Points. Global dimming is the reduction in...
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Eco-Transport
The transport industry is one of the leading polluters in the world today. What technologies are being developed to create cleaner transportation and what are their advantages and disadvantages? Earth Science - Earth's Resources -...
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Vegetable Oils as Fuel
Discover the processes involved in using vegetable oil as a biofuel. Could it become a viable alternative to fossil fuels? Chemistry - Chemical Industries - Learning Points. Vegetable oil is made of long chains of carbon atoms similar to...
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Cylinders: Fuelling Saturn V
In creating giant detachable fuel cylinders to blast Apollo 8 into outer space, NASA engineers manufactured the most powerful machine ever made. Maths - Shape A Twig Math Film. Reinforce and extend the learning required by the...
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Clathrate Gun Hypothesis
The largest volumes of methane on Earth are frozen deep underground. Learn how global warming could melt these stores and start the irreversible process predicted by the Clathrate Gun Hypothesis. Earth Science - Human Impacts - Learning...
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How Do Fireworks Work?
Fireworks combine chemical processes, from combustion to spectroscopy, to create spectacular displays. Discover what happens when the fuse is lit. Chemistry - Reactions - Learning Points. Fireworks involve combustion and exothermic...
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Mass of Wire Wool
We look at how the mass of wire wool changes when it is burned. Wire wool is almost 99% iron. When we burn it, it combines chemically with oxygen from the air to form iron(III) oxide. The mass of the product is more than the mass of the...
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Life Cycle Nutrition
From newborn babies to the elderly, changes to our diet at are vital as our age progresses. Find out how different nutrients help our bodies function at different stages in life. Biology - Healthy Living - Our nutritional needs change as...
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Fossil Fuels: Formation
Where does our natural gas, coal and oil actually come from? Discover the processes that created our modern fossil-fuel reserves, which began millions of years ago. Earth Science - Earth's Resources - Learning Points. Fossil fuels are...
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Energy Transformation
Discover how energy from the Sun is converted into different forms, and what happens to energy that is 'lost' from a system. Physics - Energy And Radioactivity - Learning Points. The Sun provides almost all the energy on Earth. Energy...
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Combustion
Or burning, a chemical reaction that requires an initial source of heat, a fuel, and an oxidising agent such as oxygen, and releases energy as heat, and often light. A Twig Science Glossary Film. Key scientific terms defined in just 60...