Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Ethics

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy gives a general introduction to the field of philosophical ethics. Divines moral philosophy into three main topics: metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics, including links...
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: English Deism

For Students 9th - 10th
This site from the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy describes the influence of several different English Deists with long paragraphs explaining their works, politics, and major ideas. Entries on Hobbes, Locke, and Hume, as well as on...
Website
Other

Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand

For Students 9th - 10th
This is Dr. Leonard Peikoff's website for his book "Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand."
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Natural Law

For Students 9th - 10th
Review this site for the definition of "natural law" based on varying theories with respect to morality in determining the authority of legal norms. Contents of the writing cover Two Kinds of Natural Law, Conceptual Naturalism,...
Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Nietzsche

For Students 9th - 10th
An excellent and extensive biography. Covers main ideas, as well as career accomplishments and publications. Proceeds work by work, dividing Nietzsche's works into Early, Middle, Late, and Final. Contains bibliography, biography, and...
Lesson Plan
Sophia Learning

Sophia: Historical Influences on Morality: A Basis for Literary Study

For Teachers 9th - 10th Standards
Using this PDF lesson plan, students will get a general overview of the historical span of philosophical thought and how it may have been a product or reaction to the time period. Students will research philosophies and time periods...
Unit Plan
CommonLit

Common Lit: Morality as Anti Nature

For Students 11th - 12th
A learning module that begins with "Morality as Anti-Nature" by Friedrich Nietzsche, accompanied by guided reading questions, assessment questions, and discussion questions. The text can be printed as a PDF or assigned online through...
Handout
Diffen

Diffen: Philosophy: Nature vs. Nurture

For Students 9th - 10th
An article addressing the differences between the two philosophies of psychology, nature and nurture. Find examples of the two approaches, a TED Talk, discussion on the morality of both as well as the philosophy behind them.
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Virtue Ethics

For Students 9th - 10th
Excellent, clearly written introduction to "virtue theories" of morality. Reviews the archetypical theories of Aristotle and Aquinas before turning to contemporary versions. Presents one possible philosophical critique of virtue theory...
Handout
Friesian School

Friesian.com: Immanuel Kant (1724 1804)

For Students 9th - 10th
This extensive site chronicles modern philosophy and the role of Kant in the movement. Excellent resource.
Handout
Philosophy Pages

Philosophy Pages: History of Western Philosophers

For Students 9th - 10th
This resource provides a narrative survey of the history of Western philosophical thought. Provides a general description of different philosophical questions and how they were answered.
Handout
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Just War Theory

For Students 9th - 10th
Article summarizes the history of "just war" theory in Aquinas and his successors; then takes up two subcategories within the theory: the rules that govern the justice of war, and the rules that govern fair conduct in war. Clearly...
Handout
Other

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Friedrich Nietzsche

For Students 9th - 10th
This biographical essay reviews Friedrich Nietzsche's life and his philosophy, including the way it challenged the foundations of traditional morality and Christianity.
Handout
Stanford University

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Friedrich Nietzsche

For Students 9th - 10th
A thorough, insightful overview of Nietzsche's life and works. A superb introduction.
Website
Other

Overview of Socrates's Life

For Students 9th - 10th
Biographical information on the life of Socrates. Discusses his indictment and trial for being an offender of public morality.
Unit Plan
TED Talks

Ted: Ted Ed: Our Buggy Moral Code

For Students 9th - 10th
Behavioral economist Dan Ariely studies the bugs in our moral code: the hidden reasons some think it's OK to cheat or steal. Clever studies help make his point that we're predictably irrational- and can be influenced in ways we can't...
Interactive
PBS

Pbs: Endgame: Ethics and Values in America

For Students 9th - 10th
At this interactive site from PBS, viewers enter the lives of fictional characters who are forced to make critical decisions about their roles in a fatal car crash. A variety of media--video, polling, and audio interviews with an expert...
Online Course
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Mit: Open Course Ware: Relativism, Reason, Reality

For Teachers 9th - 10th
Questioning the theory of relativism, use this collection of resources to help aide or prompt discussion on topics such as morality or rationality.
Article
Other

Boston Globe: Beyond Serenity: Life of Reinhold Niebuhr

For Students 9th - 10th
A short biographical sketch of one of the leading American theologians of the 20th century focusing on the use of his prayer known as "the Serenity Prayer".
Website
On Being

American Public Media: Reinhold Niebuhr: Does His Legacy Have a Future?

For Students 9th - 10th
An article which examines the major ideas of the theologian, Reinhold Niebuhr, and their impact on America during the 20th century and what use they have in current American life.