When it comes to making ice cream, in order to make the mixture cold enough to freeze, you surround the container with ice and rock salt. This experiment helps you learn how the addition of salt (or other substances) affects the freezing...

This lesson plan teaches first grade students basic chemistry and physics principles--that saltwater freezes at a lower temperature that plain water.

A page from the University of Maryland Physics Lecture Demonstration Facility. Provides directions for a teacher demonstration of the effect of an ionic solute upon the freezing point of water. Shows apparatus and set-up; provides...

Students explore materials engineering by modifying the material properties of water. Specifically, they use salt to lower the freezing point of water and test it by making ice cream. Using either a simple thermometer or a mechatronic...

Map of Africa in 1858, prior to the extensive European colonization of the continent established at the Berlin Conference of 1885. This map shows the European possessions of the Cape Colony, Natal, and Orange River Free State, and the...