Graphing Lesson Plans

Graphs are an effective tool used to visually display data. There are many important elements embedded in a graph, and there are a number of different types of graphs. Students need to know that all graphs should include a title, labels, a legend, a source, and the data. These characteristics should be present in any type of graph that is created.

When teaching students how to create graphs, it is important to first determine their prior knowledge. A simple, open-ended question is a great way to determine their level of understanding. Afterwards, a brief description of the different types of graphs is essential for students to understand the concept before they begin to create their own graphs. Bar graphs compare categorical data and the information can be represented with vertical or horizontal bars. Line graphs track changes over time. Circle graphs compare parts of a whole. It is important that students understand that while the three graphs mentioned above are frequently used, there are a number of other graphs that are used to display data as well, such as stem and leaf plot, histogram, x-y plot, just to name a few.

I like to introduce students to graphing using a very familiar graph, the bar graph, because there's a good chance they've worked with them before. For their first activity, I might ask students to collect data on the birth months of their classmates because it is fun for them, and easy information to get. After they have the information, I model how to graph the data. First, I label the x and y axis, and the intervals. Students need to understand that the intervals must be even or the data will be skewed. After this, I input the data, create a title, and add the legend and source. Often, students need to be reminded that the top of the bar should line up with the appropriate data amount.

It is important to go over the steps to creating a graph by having students watch you model the process. Then, they engage in hands-on practice. At first, you might want to give students the data to be used, and let them practice inputting the information and experimenting with various types of graphs. After some practice, students should be encouraged to use their own data to create graphs. Here are some more lesson plans on graphing that I think you'll enjoy.

Graphing Lesson Plans:

Great Graphing

In this set of lessons, students use sample data to create line, bar and circle graphs using Microsoft Excel. After graphing their data, students compare results and draw conclusions based on the results.

Create a Graph Kid's Zone

This is an excellent online tool students can use to create a graph. There are five different types of graphs - bar, line, circle, area and X-Y plot.

Create a Graph Online

This is another online tool students can use to create bar, line and circle graphs. This source has project and lesson ideas for gathering data to chart, as well as an extension activity.

Analyze Graphs

This worksheet has students identify the best graph (bar, circle or line graphs) to use based on the data given.

The Right Graph

Students can choose and make the type of graph that best shows the data in the tables. The graphs can be created online or by hand.