{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Piece of coal deciphered as ancient biblical text' data-url='/boclips/videos/6878f3ad860c8396ee54d7c0' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/6878f3ad860c8396ee54d7c0' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nPiece of coal deciphered as ancient biblical text\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eA team of scientists at the University of Kentucky working with biblical scholars in Jerusalem have succeeded in revealing the contents of what looks like a lump of charcoal.  It is, in fact, a copy of the book of Leviticus – the...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eA team of scientists at the University of Kentucky working with biblical scholars in Jerusalem have succeeded in revealing the contents of what looks like a lump of charcoal. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e It is, in fact, a copy of the book of Leviticus – the earliest copy ever found of an Old Testament scripture.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e Believed to have burnt in a blaze some 1.500 years ago, it is too brittle to open. But its contents have been revealed thanks to new imaging \u003ca href='http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/22/science/ancient-sea-scrolls-bible.html?_r=0' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003etechnology.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e “This piece of charcoal was actually once a beautiful scroll with writing on it. It burnt down and is therefore illegible. What we did with the virtual unrolling is to go into the insides of this chunk, and to separate it into different layers, and to find the layer that had the best remains of writing and to unroll it,” explains Pnina Shor, head of the “Dead Sea \u003ca href='http://www.deadseascrolls.org.il/learn-about-the-scrolls/discovery-and-publication?locale=en_US' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eScrolls”\u003c/a\u003e project at the Israel Antiquities Authority in Jerusalem. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e The discovery was made using what’s called “virtual unwrapping”, a 3D digital analysis of an X-ray \u003ca href='https://youtu.be/VfNl7z-vFl4' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003escan.\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e It’s the first time researchers have been able to read the text of an ancient scroll without having to physically open it.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e “When I saw this box with something black, I never imagined it would be possible to do anything with it,” says Elena Libman, head of laboratory at the Dead Sea Scrolls project. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e Virtual unwrapping begins with a three dimensional scan of the damaged manuscript, layer by layer – a process called segmentation. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e The software moves through the scroll, image by image, tracing the shape of a single scroll wrap and producing a 3D model. Next, the ink is extracted in a process called texturing. Using the 3D shape generated by segmentation, the software passes through the scroll again, this time looking for very bright pixels, that indicate regions of dense material – in this case, inks made with iron or lead. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e The textured 3D surface is then digitally flattened so the text can be more easily read. The software works on one small section of the scroll at a time. The sections are then merged together, creating a consolidated image that shadows the full text. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e In ancient times, many different versions of the Hebrew Bible circulated. The Dead Sea Scrolls, dating back to as early as the 3rd century BC, featured versions of the text that are radically different to today’s. The discovery holds great significance for scholars’ understanding of the Bible and other ancient texts.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e “What this technology is going to do is it’s going to open new horizons in scientific research in the sense that we will no longer need to necessarily destroy the artefact by unrolling it or by intervening, because we will be able to look into the insides of any kind of object, hopefully, without needing to do any kind of intervention,” says Pnina Shor. \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e The passages discovered offer the first physical evidence of what has long been believed: that the version of the Hebrew Bible used today could stretch back as far as 2,000 years.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"3.5 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star-half-stroke text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-regular fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"educator-rating-title\"\u003eEducator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"educator-rating-details\" data-path=\"/educator_ratings/rrp_data?resourceable_id=91035262\u0026amp;resourceable_type=Boclips%3A%3AVideoMetadata\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"not-yet-rated\"\u003eNot yet Rated\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eMedia Length\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e3:45\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eGrade\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd title=\"Grade\"\u003e9th - Higher Ed\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eSubjects\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=255\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=256\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=257\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=258\u0026amp;search_tab_id=1\u0026amp;subject_ids%5B%5D=358379\"\u003eSocial Studies \u0026amp; 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