{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='The Deadliest Ice Age Ever' data-url='/boclips/videos/625f666ae6d5dd2f6f7033d8' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/625f666ae6d5dd2f6f7033d8' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nThe Deadliest Ice Age Ever\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30358007\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30358007\"\u003eMinuteEarth\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eA big thank you to our supporters on : - Today I Found Out - Maarten Bremer - Jeff Straathof - Mark Roth - Tony Fadell - Muhammad Shifaz - 靛蓝字幕组 - Maletendo Bezenga - Kapero - Candy - Zarko Obrenovic - Duhilio Patiño - Alberto Bortoni -...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eA big thank you to our supporters \u003ca href='https://www.patreon.com/MinuteEarth' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eon\u003c/a\u003e : - Today I Found Out - Maarten Bremer - Jeff Straathof - Mark Roth - Tony Fadell - Muhammad Shifaz - 靛蓝字幕组 - Maletendo Bezenga - Kapero - Candy - Zarko Obrenovic - Duhilio Patiño - Alberto Bortoni - Valentin - Nicholas Buckendorf - Antoine Coeur ___________________________________________ Want to learn more? Here are some keywords to get your googling started: Cambrian Period – Geologists cut the past up into segments. The Cambrian is a geologic \"period\" that lasted from 570-505 million years ago. Ordovician Period – The geologic period that followed the Cambrian and lasted from 505 million years ago to about 440 million years ago. Cambrian Explosion of Life – The evolutionary event (during the Cambrian period) in which the first marine animals diversified into all kinds of different forms. All of the basic body plans – like segmented/non-segmented, asymmetric/symmetric, radial/bilateral – emerged during this time. Great Ordovocian Biodiversification Event (GOBE) – Another big evolutionary event that happened about 40 million years after the Cambrian explosion. Often described as a \"filling out\" of the taxonomic tree, whose main branches sprouted during the Cambrian. Late-Ordovician Extinction – The major mass extinction event at the end of the Ordovician period. Considered by most paleontologists to be one of the 5 biggest mass extinctions since animals first evolved on Earth. Hirnantian Extinction – Another term for the Ordovician Extinction. \"Hirnantian\" refers to the layers of rock (the \"stratigraphic sequence\") that were laid down during a short span of time at the end of the Ordovician. (Geologists break up the stratigraphic record into small chunks called \"stages.\" The Hirnantian is one stage.) Glacial Striations – The parallel scratches in bedrock made as a glacier moves over its surface (the scratches are actually made, not by the ice itself, but by rocks stuck to the bottom of the glacier) Glacial Moraine – The big pile of soil and rocks that glaciers push in front of them as they move. (Note: technically, this is called a \"terminal moraine.\" There are also \"medial\" and \"lateral\" moraines that run along the length of glaciers). Glacial Till – The debris dropped by a glacier/ice sheet when it melts. Usually a big pile of all sizes of rocks, from sand and mud to boulders. Animal of the Ordovician – All the animals still lived in the oceans at this point in Earth's history. Some of the major groups include coral (tabulate and rugose), brachiopods, trilobites, graptolites, and conodonts. ___________________________________________ Credits (and Twitter handles): Script Writer: Emily Elert (@eelert) Script Editor: Kate Yoshida (@KateYoshida) Video Illustrator: Ever Salazar (@eversalazar) Video Director: Emily Elert (@eelert) With Contributions From: Henry Reich (@minutephysics), Alex Reich (@alexhreich), David GoldenBerg, Rachel Becker and Peter Reich Music by: Nathaniel \u003ca href='http://www.soundcloud.com/drschroeder' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eSchroeder\u003c/a\u003e _________________________________________ Like our videos? Subscribe to MinuteEarth on \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/EpIDGd' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eYouTube\u003c/a\u003e Get early access to all of our videos on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/hgD1iJ' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eVessel\u003c/a\u003e Support us on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/ZVgLQZ' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003ePatreon\u003c/a\u003e Also, say hello on: \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/FpAvo6' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eFacebook\u003c/a\u003e \u003ca href='http://goo.gl/Y1aWVC' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eTwitter\u003c/a\u003e And find us on \u003ca href='https://goo.gl/sfwS6n' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eitunes\u003c/a\u003e ________________________ Image Credits: Ordovician Glacial Striations – Flickr user Sebastian \u003ca href='http://bit.ly/1TOkQQP' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'\u003eLuening\u003c/a\u003e References: Dowdeswell, J. A., Ottesen, D., Rise, L., \u0026 Craig, J. (2007). Identification and preservation of landforms diagnostic of past ice-sheet activity on continental shelves from three-dimensional seismic evidence. Geol Geology, 35(4), 359. Ghienne, J. et al (2014). A Cenozoic-style scenario for the end-Ordovician glaciation. Nature Communications Nat Comms, 5, 4485. Harper, D. A., Hammarlund, E. U., \u0026 Rasmussen, C. M. (2014). End Ordovician extinctions: A coincidence of causes. Gondwana Research, 25(4), 1294-1307. Heron, D. L., \u0026 Craig, J. (2008). First-order reconstructions of a Late Ordovician Saharan ice sheet. Journal of the Geological Society, 165(1), 19-29. Heron, D. P., \u0026 Howard, J. (2010). Evidence for Late Ordovician glaciation of Al Kufrah Basin, Libya. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 58(2), 354-364. Krug, A. Z., \u0026 Patzkowsky, M. E. (2004). Rapid recovery from the Late Ordovician mass extinction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(51), 17605-17610.\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource-details clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eCurator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan class=\"star-rating\" aria-label=\"5.0 out of 5 stars\" role=\"img\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-star text-action\" aria-hidden=\"true\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt class=\"educator-rating-title\"\u003eEducator Rating\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"educator-rating-details\" data-path=\"/educator_ratings/rrp_data?resourceable_id=44591\u0026amp;resourceable_type=Boclips%3A%3AVideoMetadata\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"not-yet-rated\"\u003eNot yet Rated\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eGrade\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd title=\"Grade\"\u003e12th - Higher Ed\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eSubjects\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?grade_ids%5B%5D=258\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;search_tab_id=1\u0026amp;subject_ids%5B%5D=365221\"\u003eScience\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdd class=\"text-muted\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-lock mr5\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e3 more...\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eMedia Type\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?grade_ids%5B%5D=258\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;search_tab_id=2\u0026amp;type_ids%5B%5D=4543647\"\u003eInstructional Videos\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eSource:\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eDate\u003c/dt\u003e\n\u003cdd\u003e2016\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-solid fa-language'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\u003cdt\u003eAudiences\u003c/dt\u003e\u003cdd\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003ca href=\"/search?audience_ids%5B%5D=371079\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=258\u0026amp;grade_ids%5B%5D=259\u0026amp;search_tab_id=1\"\u003eFor Teacher Use\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/dd\u003e\u003cdd class=\"text-muted\"\u003e\u003ci class=\"fa-solid fa-lock mr5\"\u003e\u003c/i\u003e2 more...\u003c/dd\u003e\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='detail'\u003e\n\u003cdl\u003e\n\n\u003c/dl\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='educator-ratings-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title sr-only' id='educator-ratings-heading'\u003eEducator Ratings\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"all-educator-ratings-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"educator-rating-form-root\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-resource'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Show resource details' class='rp-show-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nShow resource details\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Video player' class='player' id='player-wrapper' role='region'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='relative container mx-auto' id='lp-boclips-visitor-thumbnail'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"block\" data-html=\"true\" data-placement=\"bottom\" data-trigger=\"click\" data-content=\"\u003cdiv class=\u0026quot;text-center py-2\u0026quot;\u003e\u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/auth/users/sign_in\u0026quot;\u003eSign in\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold text-danger\u0026quot; data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: The Deadliest Ice Age Ever\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"The Deadliest Ice Age Ever\" title=\"The Deadliest Ice Age Ever\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}