{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Baby Smiles Provide Clues to Healthy Development - Science Nation' data-url='/boclips/videos/5f354d3c3241087e7a18c1ec' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5f354d3c3241087e7a18c1ec' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nBaby Smiles Provide Clues to Healthy Development - Science Nation\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"409616\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=409616\"\u003eScience360\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eParents and babies smile, laugh and coo at each other, but scientists still have a lot of questions about how these interactions help infants develop.\"Parents tend to put a lot of emotional energy into these interactions,\" says...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eParents and babies smile, laugh and coo at each other, but scientists still have a lot of questions about how these interactions help infants develop.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"Parents tend to put a lot of emotional energy into these interactions,\" says University of Miami psychology professor Daniel Messinger. \"And, the job of the baby is to do whatever they want, and they take that job very seriously.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eWith support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Messinger and his colleagues want to learn more about child development by studying how moms, dads and babies respond to each other.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"We believe that through interacting, babies learn early social rules, such as when to take turns with their vocalizations, when to smile at the same time,\" says Messinger. \"It's by smiling at the same time as their mothers, the baby responding to the mother and the mother responding to the baby, that babies develop a sense of shared social emotion.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is a very interdisciplinary team, including developmental scientists, machine vision experts, and face perception researchers,\" notes Peter Vishton, program director for Developmental and Learning Sciences in NSF's Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences. \"The researchers are enhancing our understanding of social interaction during infancy and at the same time, developing tools that may transform how many other questions about early development are addressed.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eIn an experiment at the University of Miami's Early Play and Development Lab, babies are secured in a special seat, so they can get a good view of mom or dad, and move both their arms and legs. Babies are tested at four months, and again at one year.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eSeveral video cameras capture this short, structured playtime.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"They play. Then, after two minutes, the mom will stop responding to the baby. We want to see what the baby does. How the baby either chooses to try to re-engage the mom, or maybe uses that time to look away and disengage, and then, start playing again,\" explains Messinger.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe videos are analyzed with a software program that precisely measures the facial movements of both the baby and the mom.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"So, we are actually automatically registering and tracking the movements of the babies' and moms' faces, as they interact in time,\" continues Messinger. \"The baby is seeing the mom move her face and listening to what she is saying moment by moment, and this technology really lets us get at those moment-to-moment changes, and how mom is expressing smiles and joy, and engaging with the infant, and how the infant is responding to the mom.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe key, he adds, is to use those measurements to better understand how interaction occurs, and how babies learn early social rules.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"One of the things we found is that when a baby looks away from the parent, it just means they are interested in other things, it doesn't mean they are less interested in the parent. It just means they need to look around and see what else is going on,\" says Messinger.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eSairy Salazar, who is earning her degree in psychology, says she enjoys participating in the experiment with her daughter, Kelly. \"I just like the exposure for others that can learn from it. If I can help somebody understand the mind, or the development of the children, I think that's very neat,\" says Salazar.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eAlong with studying healthy child development, Messinger and his colleagues also work with youngsters at high risk for developmental disorders.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eThe program Sibling Studies Measuring Infant Learning and Emotion, or UM SIBSMILE for short, investigates the social, emotional and cognitive development of children who are between the ages of two months and four years old.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"We have looked at babies who are at high risk for autism spectrum disorders in this lab, and these are kids who have an older brother or sister who has a diagnosed autism spectrum disorder,\" says Messinger.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"The younger siblings are at higher risk. Almost one in five of them will themselves develop an autism spectrum disorder, and that finding came out of the result of studies like our own and those of our collaborators and other investigators following up with these kids. We have increasing evidence that early intervention works with autism spectrum disorders,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\"Sensitive and responsive interaction with babies is what makes babies grow healthy,\" adds Messinger.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003eMiles O'Brien, Science Nation Correspondent\u003cbr/\u003eMarsha Walton, Science Nation Producer\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-report'\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='resource-details-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='resource-details-heading'\u003eResource Details\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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