{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Century after pandemic, science takes its best shot at flu ++voice track++' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54d6e3d8eafeecae2073a4' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54d6e3d8eafeecae2073a4' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nCentury after pandemic, science takes its best shot at flu ++voice track++\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLEAD IN:              A century after one of history's most catastrophic disease outbreaks, scientists are rethinking how to guard against another super-flu like the 1918 influenza that killed tens of millions as it swept the globe.     ...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLEAD IN:\u003cbr/\u003e              A century after one of history's most catastrophic disease outbreaks, scientists are rethinking how to guard against another super-flu like the 1918 influenza that killed tens of millions as it swept the globe.\u003cbr/\u003e              The flu virus changes each year due to the mutation in the proteins. \u003cbr/\u003e              Here's how it happens:\u003cbr/\u003e              \u003cbr/\u003e              STORY-LINE:\u003cbr/\u003e              Flu viruses are quick-change artists. They constantly mutate, and those frequent changes make it hard for our bodies to recognize and fend off the virus. \u003cbr/\u003e              That's why we need a new flu vaccine every year.    \u003cbr/\u003e              The outside of influenza A viruses are studded with two proteins called hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. There are numerous many versions of these proteins. The combinations of each \"H\" and \"N\" give flu its name, like with the common H3N2 and H1N1 viruses that are part of every year's flu vaccine.\u003cbr/\u003e              Hemagglutinin helps the virus attach to cells in the nose, throat or lungs, key to getting infected. If the immune system recognizes a particular hemagglutinin, from either an earlier infection or vaccination, it will produce flu-fighting antibodies to block the virus from latching on.\u003cbr/\u003e              As influenza virus spreads it gradually undergoes subtle genetic mutations. Eventually, with enough changes, defenses the body built against in the past can no longer recognize current strains. That's called antigenic drift, and it's why the flu vaccine gets an annual update.\u003cbr/\u003e              But every so often influenza undergoes a sudden, major genetic change, resulting in a flu strain so different that most people have little or no immunity like during the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic.  \u003cbr/\u003e              Pandemics can happen if a virus carried by a bird or a pig mixes and swaps genetic material with a typically human strain, infecting people with a novel virus. That's called an antigenic shift. \u003cbr/\u003e              Sometimes, an animal strain jumps directly into a human.\u003cbr/\u003e              Global health experts decide the recipe for each year's flu vaccine based on predictions of which strains are most likely to be spreading the following winter, and hope the flu doesn't \"drift\" enough that season to spoil the match. \u003cbr/\u003e              Seasonal flu vaccines won't protect people in a pandemic. Now scientists are working to create a universal vaccine that might one day protect against both kinds of flu evolution.\u003cbr/\u003e            \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e              Animation \u003cbr/\u003e              1. 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