{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Tiny insect invades and damages chestnut forests' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54d693d8eafeecae204ae5' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54d693d8eafeecae204ae5' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nTiny insect invades and damages chestnut forests\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLEADIN:              A tiny wasp that's invading Spain could end up spoiling Christmas for many people because of its impact on chestnuts.               The chestnut wasp (Dryoscomus kuriphillus) has come in from China and is stunting...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLEADIN:\u003cbr/\u003e              A tiny wasp that's invading Spain could end up spoiling Christmas for many people because of its impact on chestnuts. \u003cbr/\u003e              The chestnut wasp (Dryoscomus kuriphillus) has come in from China and is stunting the growth of commercial forests in Andalusia's Genal Valley.\u003cbr/\u003e              STORYLINE: \u003cbr/\u003e              A view over the Genal Valley, between Ronda and the Costa del Sol in Spain. It's home to chestnut forests and timeless white villages.\u003cbr/\u003e              A paradise for hikers and wildlife lovers, it also boasts one of Europe's cleanest rivers and stunning scenery.  \u003cbr/\u003e              Harvesting chestnuts is the economic mainstay of the area and it's usually a busy time in the lead up to Christmas. \u003cbr/\u003e              But the industry is under threat from a tiny predator. \u003cbr/\u003e              Farmer Julio Ruiz says a wasp - known as the chestnut wasp - is stunting the growth of the trees and reducing harvest sizes. \u003cbr/\u003e              \"The problem started about three years ago. Before that the harvest was much greater. Production has declined since the arrival of the tiny wasp in the valley. We have trees that... the problem is that the wasps stunt the buds on the trees and the leaves don't develop. Therefore the leaves don't open out and the tree can't photosynthesise properly. As a consequence the growth of the tree declines by up to 70 per cent of its annual production,\" he says.\u003cbr/\u003e              The wasp is plaguing the Genal Valley and the insect is multiplying the problem by laying its eggs in the trees. \u003cbr/\u003e              Nearly all the picturesque mountain settlements have reported the presence of the insect – Dryocosmus kuriphilus to scientists – and it is likely to spread ever further.\u003cbr/\u003e              Forestry engineer Antonio Pulido Pastor says the wasp has the effect of paralysing the tree.\u003cbr/\u003e              \"The tiny wasp is a parasitic insect that comes from China so it's considered as an exotic species that has no enemies. And so its attack on the chestnut tree is spreading. The main infestation is in the buds where growth is stunted. As a result the flowers and fruit cannot develop as the health and vitality of the tree is compromised.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              The chestnut is part of the traditional diet enjoyed by locals in many forms. \u003cbr/\u003e              Local chef, Begonia Ruiz Moreno uses chestnuts in many of the dishes at her restaurant San Juan. \u003cbr/\u003e              \"It is a traditional product but it can be adapted to modern-day cooking as it has high levels of nutrients and protein. This is especially true since it can be a substitute for meat and fish, moreover. So vegans and vegetarians can enjoy it because it has high protein and nutrient content. Traditionally it was used in hot soup. These days it is found in hot and cold food and in the bakery. Also in haute cuisine as a gourmet product.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              Scientists are working on finding a solution to the wasp problem in their laboratories in Malaga. \u003cbr/\u003e              The chestnut wasp has a natural predator in China called Torimus Sinensis. \u003cbr/\u003e              Some other countries have introduced the predator to control the pests, according to Oscar Gavira Romero, a researcher at Spain's Agricultural Entomology Laboratory \u003cbr/\u003e              However he says there are risks attached to releasing Torimus Sinensis into the wilds of the Genal Valley. \u003cbr/\u003e              \"The problem of introducing a further exotic species such as Torimus Sinensis is that it can invade the natural woodland, attack indigenous species, displace others and alter the overall biodiversity in the region,\" says Romero.\u003cbr/\u003e              The wasp is also causing problems in Japan and Italy where scientists are also conducting research into the pest and looking at other possible predators that don't need to be introduced. \u003cbr/\u003e              Spanish scientists are also hoping they can find a local solution to the problem in conjunction with a limited release of Torimus Sinensis. \u003cbr/\u003e              \"Here we are hoping something similar will happen and that we will be able to achieve as they have in Japan and in Italy. Releasing the Torimus Sinensis together with the action of the predators indigenous to this area will reduce the problem of the little wasp,\" says Dr Juan-Ramon Boyega, the main researcher at the Agricultural Entomology Laboratory.\u003cbr/\u003e              For the Ruiz family up in the Genal Valley the only thing that will ensure that they can survive economically is that the wasp is brought under control.\u003cbr/\u003e            \u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e              Jubrique, Genal Valley, Spain - 19 October 2017\u003cbr/\u003e              1. Wide of Genal Valley\u003cbr/\u003e              2. Chestnut trees\u003cbr/\u003e              3. Various of the Ruiz family gathering chestnuts on their farm near the village of Jubrique\u003cbr/\u003e              4. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Julio Ruiz, farmer: \u003cbr/\u003e              \"The problem started about three years ago. Before that the harvest was much greater. Production has declined since the arrival of the tiny wasp in the valley. We have trees that... the problem is that the wasps stunt the buds on the trees and the leaves don't develop. Therefore the leaves don't open out and the tree can't photosynthesise properly. As a consequence the growth of the tree declines by up to 70 per cent of its annual production.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              5. Various of Antonio Pulido Pastor, a forestry engineer talking with chestnut pickers and looking at affected buds\u003cbr/\u003e              6. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Antonio Pulido Pastor, forestry engineer:\u003cbr/\u003e              \"The tiny wasp is a parasitic insect that comes from China so it's considered as an exotic species that has no enemies. And so its attack on the chestnut tree is spreading. The main infestation is in the buds where growth is stunted. As a result the flowers and fruit cannot develop as the health and vitality of the tree is compromised.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              7. Various of Begonia Ruiz Moreno and her assistant Alberto peeling chestnuts and adding them to a paella dish \u003cbr/\u003e              8. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Begonia Ruiz Moreno, owner of the San Juan restaurant in Jubrique:\u003cbr/\u003e              \"It is a traditional product but it can be adapted to modern-day cooking as it has high levels of nutrients and protein. This is especially true since it can be a substitute for meat and fish, moreover. So vegans and vegetarians can enjoy it because it has high protein and nutrient content. Traditionally it was used in hot soup. These days it is found in hot and cold food and in the bakery. Also in haute cuisine as a gourmet product.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              \u003cbr/\u003e              Malaga, Spain - 19 October 2017 \u003cbr/\u003e              9. Various of Antonio Pulido Pastor with scientists at Agricultural Entomology Laboratory in Malaga looking at chestnut saplings \u003cbr/\u003e              10. Various of Antonio Pulido Pastor and scientists at Agricultural Entomology Laboratory in Malaga looking at live specimens of the little wasp\u003cbr/\u003e              11. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Oscar Gavira Romero, Researcher, Agricultural Entomology Laboratory:\u003cbr/\u003e              \"The problem of introducing a further exotic species such as Torimus Sinensis is that it can invade the natural woodland, attack indigenous species, displace others and alter the overall biodiversity in the region.\"\u003cbr/\u003e              12. Various of Dr Juan-Ramon Boyega looking at preserved specimens of the little wasp under a microscope\u003cbr/\u003e              13. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Dr Juan-Ramon Boyega, Main Researcher, Agricultural Entomology Laboratory:\u003cbr/\u003e              \"Here we are hoping something similar will happen and that we will be able to achieve as they have in Japan and in Italy. Releasing the Torimus Sinensis together with the action of the predators indigenous to this area will reduce the problem of the little wasp.\"  \u003cbr/\u003e              \u003cbr/\u003e              Jubrique, Genal Valley, Spain - 19 October 2017\u003cbr/\u003e              14. Various of the Ruiz family gathering chestnuts on their farm\u003cbr/\u003e              15. 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