{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Low cost procedure could stop miscarriages' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54caeed8eafeecae19ff8b' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54caeed8eafeecae19ff8b' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nLow cost procedure could stop miscarriages\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLEAD IN: UK scientists investigating miscarriages in pregnancy believe they may have discovered why some women have them.The team believe a simple procedure to scratch the womb wall will increase the growth of stem cells in the lining...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLEAD IN: UK scientists investigating miscarriages in pregnancy believe they may have discovered why some women have them.The team believe a simple procedure to scratch the womb wall will increase the growth of stem cells in the lining and could help increase a woman's chances of having a baby.STORY-LINE:Losing a baby during pregnancy causes heartache for many women, their partners and their families.Some have several consecutive miscarriages without a clear medical explanation of what is causing them.This can continue for several years and create considerable distress. Miscarriages might appear to be random, but the scientists here at University Hospital Coventry are looking for answers at a molecular level.Every woman's biopsy is examined in detail to determine its composition.In another part of the hospital Kerrie Hibbert prepares for an ultrasound accompanied by her partner Dean Halpin.In the room with her is Professor Siobhan Quenby who is leading the research into miscarriages at Warwick University.Quenby believes recurring miscarriages are caused by an insufficient amount of stem cells in the walls of the womb.Each month stem cells move from the bone marrow, to the blood and to the lining of the womb and then its removed via a menstrual period each month.According to her research over several years, Quenby believes scratching the lining of the womb, effectively creating a minor injury prompts the body to repair.Nornally the body achieves this naturally every month after a period when more stem cells are sent to the womb.Quenby explains \"By nailing down the fundamental biology we've realised it's actually the stem cells which control the way the lining of the womb prepares for pregnancy. So the really exciting thing about our approach is that we're going to have treatments to prevent miscarriage that you have before you're pregnant. The rest of the world are still trying to look for treatments that you give after you've got pregnant.\"Hibbert has been through a miscarriage three times since 2008 and is now having fertility treatment.Her procedure is timed so that she can improve the chances of implanting an embryo through IVF.Tommy's a charity which funds research into miscarriages has done a survey of families where there have been losses during pregnancy.It says the grief and mourning affects the whole family.Hibbert agrees and adds that even miscarrying at an early stage in the pregnancy can be shocking.She says: \"It's very kind of real that you know, you're going to have a baby and you start making plans for the future and you start thinking that even though it's early days you start making kind of plans in your head as to what you're going to do about work and everything else and then when you do miscarry it's kind of like all those plans just kind of go out the window.\"After the ultrasound confirms there are no other fundamental problems, a catheter is inserted into the womb, scraping the sides and collecting tissue which can be examined in detail in the laboratory.Hibbert's last miscarriage was after IVF, she says: \"Two that I've had have been silent miscarriages and the last one. So we haven't found out until the twelve week scan that it's stopped developing and that's very hard. Because when you go into have a scan and you think that you are going to see a moving foetus and then you don't see anything at all, it's quite difficult to deal with.\"Once the biopsy is completed, the tissue is divided into several samples so that it can be tested for the presence of different proteins associated with miscarriages.Dr. Shreeya Tewary is pleased with the results and says: \"We've got a really good biopsy a really good sample.\"Hibbert is hoping her search for a solution to her miscarriages won't have to continue.Halpin says: \"Seeing how upset she's been (has been difficult) I mean to be fair to her she's never given in actually, she (Kerrie) keeps trying to get as much research, tests as much as possible, just to rule things out.\" This lab is where Hibbert's biopsy will be analysed. Quenby explains the process: We take a sample of the lining of the womb and then fix it into a paraffin or a wax block and then you cut sections from it which are very thin slices that are just three microns thick, we can then stain things a different colour, so we can stain the NK cells a different colour so we can see how many there are and we can also stain other proteins a different colour to see how much there is there.\"NK cells are another avenue of Quenby's research.Their full name is natural killer cells, they're part of our immune system and for many years doctors believed the immune system was responsible to miscarriages.In the past a high number of these cells was assumed to be responsible and they were called natural killer cells because it was thought they sometimes killed the tissue of the forming foetus.Quenby says scientists researching NK cells have now discovered they've got the wrong name, because in the lining of the womb they aren't able to kill babies tissues. She says they often appear in great numbers in the womb lining when something else is wrong, such as insufficient stem cells. She says: \"The exciting research suggests, what it means is actually you lack the stem cells. So the high NK cells are a result of the lack of something you see, and so they're like a flag to tell us there's something wrong with the lining of the womb. The natural killer cells (NK cells) don't seem to actually cause the miscarriages. They're there for another reason that does cause the miscarriage.\"There are other markers too.These brown stained proteins are according to researchers, another flag pointing to a deficiency of stem cells. Quenby says: \"The lining of the womb is actually a very complicated tissue. It's not only got NK cells in it, it's got glandular cells, it's got blood cells, its got stromal cells, it's got other immune cells, it's got these stem cells, so it's very difficult with so many things there to work out which is the key to miscarriage.\"A total of 368 women have had the scratch therapy here at Coventry University. According to hospital figures 116 are pregnant, 139 have had normal births and 113 have still miscarried.Quenby says: \"What I'm going to do is a pilot trial initially, to prove to the funders that I  can do the trial and that people will be recruited to it. Once I prove that then I can apply for a large amount of money to do a definitive trial with around 800 women in it and then once you do that trial then the whole world will have this. I desperately hope scratch works because it's cheap and you can actually have it done any country in the world. So I really hope this is going to be the answer.\"After many visits to different doctors, Hibbert and Halpin are also hoping Quenby finds the answer.Halpin says: \"It just seems to be brushed aside as 'unexplained' all the time, so it's, well we need answers really\"Hibbert agrees.She says: \"Unexplained isn't a diagnosis really.\"LEAD IN: UK scientists investigating miscarriages in pregnancy believe they may have discovered why some women have them.The team believe a simple procedure to scratch the womb wall will increase the growth of stem cells in the lining and could help increase a woman's chances of having a baby.STORY-LINE:Losing a baby during pregnancy causes heartache for many women, their partners and their families.Some have several consecutive miscarriages without a clear medical explanation of what is causing them.This can continue for several years and create considerable distress. Miscarriages might appear to be random, but the scientists here at University Hospital Coventry are looking for answers at a molecular level.Every woman's biopsy is examined in detail to determine its composition.In another part of the hospital Kerrie Hibbert prepares for an ultrasound accompanied by her partner Dean Halpin.In the room with her is Professor Siobhan Quenby who is leading the research into miscarriages at Warwick University.Quenby believes recurring miscarriages are caused by an insufficient amount of stem cells in the walls of the womb.Each month stem cells move from the bone marrow, to the blood and to the lining of the womb and then its removed via a menstrual period each month.According to her research over several years, Quenby believes scratching the lining of the womb, effectively creating a minor injury prompts the body to repair.Nornally the body achieves this naturally every month after a period when more stem cells are sent to the womb.Quenby explains \"By nailing down the fundamental biology we've realised it's actually the stem cells which control the way the lining of the womb prepares for pregnancy. So the really exciting thing about our approach is that we're going to have treatments to prevent miscarriage that you have before you're pregnant. The rest of the world are still trying to look for treatments that you give after you've got pregnant.\"Hibbert has been through a miscarriage three times since 2008 and is now having fertility treatment.Her procedure is timed so that she can improve the chances of implanting an embryo through IVF.Tommy's a charity which funds research into miscarriages has done a survey of families where there have been losses during pregnancy.It says the grief and mourning affects the whole family.Hibbert agrees and adds that even miscarrying at an early stage in the pregnancy can be shocking.She says: \"It's very kind of real that you know, you're going to have a baby and you start making plans for the future and you start thinking that even though it's early days you start making kind of plans in your head as to what you're going to do about work and everything else and then when you do miscarry it's kind of like all those plans just kind of go out the window.\"After the ultrasound confirms there are no other fundamental problems, a catheter is inserted into the womb, scraping the sides and collecting tissue which can be examined in detail in the laboratory.Hibbert's last miscarriage was after IVF, she says: \"Two that I've had have been silent miscarriages and the last one. So we haven't found out until the twelve week scan that it's stopped developing and that's very hard. Because when you go into have a scan and you think that you are going to see a moving foetus and then you don't see anything at all, it's quite difficult to deal with.\"Once the biopsy is completed, the tissue is divided into several samples so that it can be tested for the presence of different proteins associated with miscarriages.Dr. Shreeya Tewary is pleased with the results and says: \"We've got a really good biopsy a really good sample.\"Hibbert is hoping her search for a solution to her miscarriages won't have to continue.Halpin says: \"Seeing how upset she's been (has been difficult) I mean to be fair to her she's never given in actually, she (Kerrie) keeps trying to get as much research, tests as much as possible, just to rule things out.\" This lab is where Hibbert's biopsy will be analysed. Quenby explains the process: We take a sample of the lining of the womb and then fix it into a paraffin or a wax block and then you cut sections from it which are very thin slices that are just three microns thick, we can then stain things a different colour, so we can stain the NK cells a different colour so we can see how many there are and we can also stain other proteins a different colour to see how much there is there.\"NK cells are another avenue of Quenby's research.Their full name is natural killer cells, they're part of our immune system and for many years doctors believed the immune system was responsible to miscarriages.In the past a high number of these cells was assumed to be responsible and they were called natural killer cells because it was thought they sometimes killed the tissue of the forming foetus.Quenby says scientists researching NK cells have now discovered they've got the wrong name, because in the lining of the womb they aren't able to kill babies tissues. She says they often appear in great numbers in the womb lining when something else is wrong, such as insufficient stem cells. She says: \"The exciting research suggests, what it means is actually you lack the stem cells. So the high NK cells are a result of the lack of something you see, and so they're like a flag to tell us there's something wrong with the lining of the womb. The natural killer cells (NK cells) don't seem to actually cause the miscarriages. They're there for another reason that does cause the miscarriage.\"There are other markers too.These brown stained proteins are according to researchers, another flag pointing to a deficiency of stem cells. Quenby says: \"The lining of the womb is actually a very complicated tissue. It's not only got NK cells in it, it's got glandular cells, it's got blood cells, its got stromal cells, it's got other immune cells, it's got these stem cells, so it's very difficult with so many things there to work out which is the key to miscarriage.\"A total of 368 women have had the scratch therapy here at Coventry University. According to hospital figures 116 are pregnant, 139 have had normal births and 113 have still miscarried.Quenby says: \"What I'm going to do is a pilot trial initially, to prove to the funders that I  can do the trial and that people will be recruited to it. Once I prove that then I can apply for a large amount of money to do a definitive trial with around 800 women in it and then once you do that trial then the whole world will have this. I desperately hope scratch works because it's cheap and you can actually have it done any country in the world. So I really hope this is going to be the answer.\"After many visits to different doctors, Hibbert and Halpin are also hoping Quenby finds the answer.Halpin says: \"It just seems to be brushed aside as 'unexplained' all the time, so it's, well we need answers really\"Hibbert agrees.She says: \"Unexplained isn't a diagnosis really.\"Coventry, UK - 29 April 20161. Close zoom out of slide being dipped into water to pick up slice of womb tissue set in wax2. Wide pan of researchers working on womb tissue 3. Mid of doctor and Professor Siobhan Quenby doing ultrasound before scratch therapy on Kerrie Hibbert4. Mid of ultrasound monitor 5. Close of Kerrie Hibbert who has had three miscarriages6. Close of Professor Quenby pointing out area of womb on ultrasound monitor 7. Close of Quenby8. Close of Kerrie Hibbert's partner Dean Halpin watching ultrasound 9. SOUNDBITE: (English) Professor Siobhan Quenby, University Hospital Coventry \"By nailing down the fundamental biology we've realised it's actually the stem cells which control the way the lining of the womb prepares for pregnancy. So the really exciting thing about our approach is that we're going to have treatments to prevent miscarriage that you have before you're pregnant. The rest of the world are still trying to look for treatments that you give after you've got pregnant.\"10. Close of ultrasound11. SOUNDBITE: (English) Kerrie Hibbert, undergoing scratch therapy\"It's very kind of real that you know, you're going to have a baby and you start making plans for the future and you start thinking that even though it's early days you start making kind of plans in your head as to what you're going to do about work and everthing else and then when you do miscarry it's kind of like all those plans just kind of go out the window.\"12. Close of ultrasound 13. Mid pan from Quenby demonstrating how scratch therapy is conducted 14. SOUNDBITE: (English) Kerrie Hibbert, undergoing scratch therapy \"Two that I've had have been silent miscarriages and the last one. So we haven't found out until the twelve week scan that it's stopped developing and that's very hard. Because when you go into have a scan and you think that you are going to see a moving foetus and then you don't see anything at all, it's quite difficult to deal with.\"15. Close of womb tissue from Hibbert's scratch treatment being injected into sample pot16. Various of doctor in ultrasound unit processing womb tissue 17. Close of tissue in sample pot 18. UPSOUND: (English) Dr. Shreeya Tewary, University Hospital Coventry \"We've got a really good biopsy a really good sample.\"19. Close of pots with samples from Hibbert's biopsy 20. SOUNDBITE: (English) Dean Halpin, Kerrie Hibbert's partner\"Seeing how upset she's been (has been difficult) I mean to be fair to her she's never given in actually, she (Kerrie) keeps trying to get as much research, tests as much as possible, just to rule things out.\" 21. Wide of research laboratory at University Hospital Coventry where causes of miscarriages are investigated 22. Various of researchers working 23. SOUNDBITE: (English) Professor Siobhan Quenby, University Hospital Coventry \"We take a sample of the lining of the womb and then fix it into a paraffin or a wax block and then you cut sections from it which are very thin slices that are just three microns thick, we can then stain things a different colour, so we can stain the NK cells a different colour so we can see how many there are and we can also stain other proteins a different colour to see how much there is there.\"24. Close pan of wax block embedded with tissue from the womb 25. Mid of researcher slicing tissue 26. Close of slices of waxed tissue 27. SOUNDBITE: (English) Professor Siobhan Quenby, University Hospital Coventry \"The exciting research suggests, what it means is actually you lack the stem cells. So the high NK cells are a result of the lack of something you see, and so they're like a flag to tell us there's something wrong with the lining of the womb. The natural killer cells (NK cells) don't seem to actually cause the miscarriages. They're there for another reason that does cause the miscarriage.\"26. Close of slide with sample of biopsy being placed under the lens on the microscope27. Mid of researcher looking at CD56 proteins in womb lining  28. Close pan from researcher to screen showing showing close up of the slide 29. Close of CD56 (brown coloured) cells 30. Close pull focus showing sample on slide to researcher's face 31. SOUNDBITE: (English) Professor Siobhan Quenby, University Hospital Coventry \"The lining of the womb is actually a very complicated tissue. It's not only got NK cells in it, it's got glandular cells, it's got blood cells, its got stromal cells, it's got other immune cells, it's got these stem cells, so it's very difficult with so many things there to work out which is the key to miscarriage.\"32. Close of researcher placing tray of stem cells in solution under the microscope 33. Mid top view of researcher looking at stem cells on screen 34. Close pull focus on cells 35. Close pull focus from tray to researcher 36. SOUNDBITE: (English) Professor Siobhan Quenby, University Hospital Coventry \"What I'm going to do is a pilot trial initially, to prove to the funders that I  can do the trial and that people will be recruited to it. Once I prove that then I can apply for a large amount of money to do a definitive trial with around 800 women in it and then once you do that trial then the whole world will have this. I desperately hope scratch works because it's cheap and you can actually have it done any country in the world. So I really hope this is going to be the answer.\"37. Close pan across lab equipment on bench to researcher working 38. Close of slices being cut of biopsy 39. Various of researcher creating slides from slices of biopsy40. SOUNDBITE: (English) Dean Halpin, Kerrie Hibbert's partnerIt just seems to be brushed aside as 'unexplained' all the time, so it's, well we need answers really\"41. SOUNDBITE: (English) Kerrie Hibbert, undergoing scratch therapy \"Unexplained isn't a diagnosis really.\"42. Various of researchers working in laboratory 43. 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id='concepts-heading'\u003eConcepts\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='details-list concepts' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator' data-type='concepts'\u003epull, ultrasound, scientific research, work, cell biology, stem cells, biochemistry, color\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='concepts-toggle-buttons' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-down ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='true' class='less btn-link' style='display: none;' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow Less\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid fa-caret-up ml5'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby='additional-tags-heading' class='rp-info-section'\u003e\n\u003ch2 class='title' id='additional-tags-heading'\u003eAdditional Tags\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='clearfix'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='details-list keyterms' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator' data-type='keyterms'\u003epregnancy and childbirth, kind, biology, trial, in vitro fertilization, miscarriages, miscarriage, plans, nk cells, nice, diagnostic imaging, pregnant, diagnostic tests, apce-nyc, hope, sexual and reproductive health, women\u0026#39;s health, scratch, thick, give, back, health, world, prove, difficult, sample, scan, assisted reproductive technology, treatments, science, lack, stain, diagnosis and treatment, biopsy, pregnancy loss, womb, lining, thing\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='keyterms-toggle-buttons' data-identifier='Boclips::VideoDecorator'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' class='more btn-link' type='button'\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003eShow More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fa-solid 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