{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Lithuania finds power substation was built with Jewish tombstones during Soviet era' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54ca54d8eafeecae19aed8' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54ca54d8eafeecae19aed8' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nLithuania finds power substation was built with Jewish tombstones during Soviet era\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eLITHUANIA: POWER STATIONSOURCE: AP TELEVISIONRESTRICTIONS: HORIZONS CLIENTS AND AP LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY CLIENTS ONLYLENGTH: 5:56SHOTLIST:AP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 14 May 20151. Wide of Choral Synagogue of Vilnius...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eLITHUANIA: POWER STATIONSOURCE: AP TELEVISIONRESTRICTIONS: HORIZONS CLIENTS AND AP LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY CLIENTS ONLYLENGTH: 5:56SHOTLIST:AP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 14 May 20151. Wide of Choral Synagogue of Vilnius interior with choir singingUPSOUND: Choir Singing2. Various of choir performing and audience3. SOUNDBITE (English) Mark Margolin, Dentist, 58-years-old:\"Playing here is very important because it's the 70th anniversary of the end of the Second World War. It's very important to me to be here because this is the place where my family were saved.\"4. Mid of choir members and audience talking5. Close of tree branch in front of power substation made from Jewish tombstones6. Mid of power substation wall7. Wide of power substation8. Close of Hebrew markings found on power substation stones9. Set up shot of Simon Gurevicius, Member of Lithuania's Jewish community, inspecting power substation wall10. Close of Gurevicius touching stones in power substation wall11. SOUNDBITE (English) Simonas Gurevicius, Member of Lithuania's Jewish community:\"Actually here, when we are watching, we can see a letter N, T, Yud, Nun. These are the names in Yiddish or Hebrew. For sure, this is a very sad feeling.\"12. Various of Gurevicius touching letters on stoneUPSOUND (English): \"This is resh (Hebrew letter). And when you add, it's difficult to read now.\"13. SOUNDBITE (English) Simonas Gurevicius, Member of Lithuania's Jewish community:\"Hitler wanted to destroy Jews physically. Stalin came, and he wanted to destroy the whole memory of the Jewish people, making sure that nothing will stay. I don't know if there is a better way to destroy the Jewish cemetery than using it for building places like that.\"14. Set up shot of Giedrius Sakalauskas, Manager 40-years-old, speaking and walking with Gurevicius15. SOUNDBITE (English) Giedrius Sakalauskas, Manager, 40-years-old:\"Just across the street was a Jewish cemetery destroyed by the Soviets in 1961, 63. I just came closer, I touched the stones and I realised that it's really gravestones from the Jewish cemetery.\"16. Close of stones in power substation wall with traffic driving by in backgroundAP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 15 May 201517. Various of former Jewish GhettoAP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 14 May 201518. Wide of Vilna Gaon Jewish Museum building exterior19. Close of plaque on front of museum building20. Various of museum interior21. SOUNDBITE (English) Rachel Kostanian, Dep. Director, Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum:\"The Holocaust was nothing, no memory of the Holocaust during the Soviet era, because there were no Jews in the Soviet Union. Everyone, we were Soviet people, all of us were Soviet people. Officially it was equal rights for everyone. It was a friendship between the Lithuanians, Latvians, Ukrainians, Russians etcetera. The Jews were among the etcetera.\"AP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 15 May 201522. Pull focus from tree trunk to memorial in background23. Wide of memorial24. Close of flowers placed at memorial25. Wide of trees and memorial in background26. Various of Vilnius and former Jewish GhettoAP TelevisionVilnius, Lithuania - 14 May 201527. SOUNDBITE (English) Remigijus Simasius, Vilnius Mayor:\"Today, we have many signs of both the very rich Jewish life in the past in Vilnius, we have signs of the Holocaust, and we have signs of disrespect to Jewish heritage during the Soviet time. And of course during nowadays, we are trying to restore all this. We are trying to respect Jewish heritage as much as possible and of course when we find such strange things, when buildings are built out of tombstones from Jewish cemeteries of course we want to deal with it with due respect.\"28. Wide of Choral Synagogue of Vilnius building exterior29. Close of Choral Synagogue of Vilnius building exterior30. Set up shot of Rabbi Chaim Burstein, Chief Rabbi of Lithuania and Vilnius, welcoming audience for evening concert31. SOUNDBITE (English) Rabbi Chaim Burstein, Chief Rabbi of Lithuania and Vilnius:\"The Jewish people were something very natural for Lithuanian society, for culture, economics. I'm completely sure that if the Holocaust wouldn't happen and that today the Jewish people would be living in Lithuania, this country would be completely different from economical, cultural and other points. That's why the loss also for Lithuanians was very big.\"32. Various of choir singing inside Choral Synagogue of Vilnius and audience listeningUPSOUND: Choir SingingLEAD IN:A recent discovery of Jewish tombstones used to construct a power substation is bringing back painful memories for the country's small Jewish community.Seventy years since the end of World War Two in Europe, the former Soviet bloc nation is still struggling to cope with the horrors of the Holocaust and what followed it under the Soviets.STORYLINE:In the Vilnius synagogue in Lithuania's capital city, a packed out audience is gathering to enjoy traditional songs, sang by an amateur Jewish choir from Zurich.Once an influential centre for Jewish learning, Lithuania's Jewish community was all but wiped out during the Second World War. Those that survived fled.\"Playing here is very important because it's the 70th anniversary of the end of the Second World War,\" says Mark Margolin, whose Polish grandparents escaped via Lithuania to Shanghai, then later on to Australia.\"It's very important to me to be here because this is the place where my family were saved.\"The tiny Jewish community has gradually begun to re-emerge here since Lithuania gained independence from the Soviet Union.But still, signs of its difficult past continue to haunt them. Recently, old Jewish tombstones were discovered.  They'd been used as building blocks to construct this power substation around five minutes' drive from Vilnius.Archaeologists have confirmed that the electrical substation was built with tombstones stolen from a Jewish cemetery. \"Actually here, when we are watching, we can see a letter N, T, Yud, Nun. These are the names in Yiddish or Hebrew. For sure, this is a very sad feeling,\" says Simonas Gurevicius, a member of Lithuania's Jewish community.\"Hitler wanted to destroy Jews physically. Stalin came, and he wanted to destroy the whole memory of the Jewish people, making sure that nothing will stay. I don't know if there is a better way to destroy the Jewish cemetery than using it for building places like that.\"It was 40-year-old Giedrius Sakalauskas that made the discovery while out walking with his son on 10 May (2015).He'd always thought there was something strange about this graffiti-sprayed, bunker-like structure.Why build an electrical substation with granite blocks instead of regular bricks? \"Just across the street was a Jewish cemetery destroyed by the Soviets in 1961, 63,\" he says.\"I just came closer, I touched the stones and I realised that it's really gravestones from the Jewish cemetery.\"This discovery is not the first and no-one expects it to be the last.In the 1990s, authorities removed steps leading up to Tauro hill, one of the highest points in Vilnius, after finding out they were made with stones taken from a Jewish graveyard. Lithuania was traditionally tolerant of its large and influential Jewish community. Tens of thousands of Jews lived in the capital city's Jewish quarter at the start of the Second World War - their number swelled as many fled Poland after the Nazi invasion. But Nazi persecutions eventually devastated the community - over 90 percent of all Jews were killed.For decades, the scale of death went untold.\"The Holocaust was nothing, no memory of the Holocaust during the Soviet era, because there were no Jews in the Soviet Union,\" says Rachel Kostanian, the deputy director of Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum.\"Everyone, we were Soviet people, all of us were Soviet people. Officially it was equal rights for everyone. It was a friendship between the Lithuanians, Latvians, Ukrainians, Russians etcetera. The Jews were among the etcetera.\"Since gaining independence, a work of remembrance has been undertaken by the nation.Here at the Paneriai Memorial (around 12 kilometres/7 miles outside of Vilnius), Nazi troops killed as many as 100,000 people in these woods.That included around 70,000 Jews from Vilnius and the surrounding villages.Back in Vilnius, pictures of Sakalauskas' discovery went viral on social networks, thousands reacted with anger and dismay. Several groups were immediately created on Facebook, calling on Lithuanians and Jews to dismantle the construction stone by stone with their \"bare hands\". But it's not that simple - the substation is a working unit, still serving thousands of houses.Vilnius' new mayor, Remigijus Simasius, acknowledges the problem and admits other cases may still exist, but that the city is acting to resolve them in a respectful way.He's asked the utility companies that own the substation to find a way to move them to a \"proper resting place\".\"Today, we have many signs of both the very rich Jewish life in the past in Vilnius, we have signs of the Holocaust, and we have signs of disrespect to Jewish heritage during the Soviet time,\" he says.\"And of course during nowadays, we are trying to restore all this. We are trying to respect Jewish heritage as much as possible and of course when we find such strange things, when buildings are built out of tombstones from Jewish cemeteries of course we want to deal with it with due respect.\"Jewish community leaders acknowledge dramatic improvement since the fall of Communism and Lithuanian independence.But the country's chief Rabbi, Rabbi Chaim Burstein, believes ordinary people still don't fully appreciate what Lithuania lost.\"The Jewish people were something very natural for Lithuanian society, for culture, economics,\" he says.\"I'm completely sure that if the Holocaust wouldn't happen and that today the Jewish people would be living in Lithuania, this country would be completely different from economical, cultural and other points. That's why the loss also for Lithuanians was very big.\"====Clients are reminded: (i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com. 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