{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Experts cast doubt on tiger census' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54ca4bd8eafeecae19aa86' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54ca4bd8eafeecae19aa86' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nExperts cast doubt on tiger census\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eINDIA: TIGER CENSUS SOURCE: AP TELEVISION / GLOBAL TIGER FORUM RESTRICTIONS: HORIZONS CLIENTS AND AP LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY CLIENTS ONLYLENGTH: 5.42SHOTLIST:Global Tiger ForumKanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 20141....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eINDIA: TIGER CENSUS SOURCE: AP TELEVISION / GLOBAL TIGER FORUM RESTRICTIONS: HORIZONS CLIENTS AND AP LIFESTYLE, HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY CLIENTS ONLYLENGTH: 5.42SHOTLIST:Global Tiger ForumKanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 20141. Wide of tigerAP TelevisionNew Delhi, India, April 6, 20152. Indian Prime Minsiter Narendra Modi releasing Tiger report3. Wide of officials4. SOUNDBITE: (Hindi): Narendra Modi, Indian Prime Minister:                                                               \"Tiger numbers have increased (in India)�about forty percent increase. Feels good to hear it. The tiger population is decreasing in the world and we have two thirds of them (tigers). So this is a matter of pride.\"Global Tiger ForumKanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 20145. Wide of tigerAP TelevisionBangalore, India - April 16, 20156. SOUNDBITE (English): K. Ullas Karanth, science director for the Wildlife Conservation Society in Asia (audio as incoming) \"The census attempt to estimate tiger numbers over large parts of India and the country are deeply flawed. The methodology has never been published in a peer reviewed scientific journal, one piece of it was published and that has been now shown to be fundamentally wrong. \" AP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, January 31, 20157. Wide of entrance to Sundarban Tiger reserve8. Mid sign reading (English) \" Welcome Sanjnekhali Wildlife Sanctuary - Sundarban Tiger reserve\"  9. Monkey drinking water10. Deer inside Sundarban Tiger ReserveGlobal Tiger ForumKanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 201411. Tiger drinking water and walks awayAP TelevisionSundarban, West Bengal, January 31, 201512. SOUNDBITE (English): Anurag Danda, Sudarban Programme Head, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF):\"I would prefer to say 30 percent more known (tigers), than say there is actually an increase of tigers. I mean� we might not have counted them earlier.Global Tiger ForumKanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 201413. Mid of a tigerAP TelevisionSundarban, West Bengal, January 31, 201514. SOUNDBITE (English): Anurag Danda, Sudarban Programme Head, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF):\"What we would earlier do is, we would essentially count tigers only in tiger reserves. And now we also count tigers outside the tiger reserve, because there are so few and India being the last stronghold we have to count as many of them as possible and protect each one of them. And therefore it makes good sense to count every tiger, wherever you find them�irrespective inside the tiger reserve or outside the tiger reserve.\"Global Tiger ForumLocation - Not Known15. Various photos of camera trapping of tigers (new method to count tigers)AP TelevisionNew Delhi, India, April 9, 201516. SOUNDBITE (English): Rajesh Gopal, Secretary General, Global Tiger Forum:\"The difference between this and the earlier method is - this is a sampling based method, it can be subjected to statistical validation unlike the earlier pug mark method which is a total count and also you have the camera captures of individual tigers with you. For example, in this particular method�.process of 2014 assessment, the recent one, we have more than�almost 1500 individual tiger photographs. \" AP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, February 1, 201517. Various of a village18. Various of a villager, Rinku Sardar cutting fish19. SOUNDBITE (Bengali): Rinku Sardar, Villager:\"I fear the tigers the most. They cross over (swim) and kill people.\"AP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, February 2, 201520. Wide of a hut21. Various of a villager, Anita Mondol mashing rice22. Wide of Mondol's hut23. ChickensAP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, February 1, 201524. Mid of cowsAP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, February 2, 201525. SOUNDBITE (Bengali): Anita Mondol, Villager:\"I fear the tigers. They (tigers) sometimes break our doors, enter our houses and we fear of them attacking people, cows, goats�everything. In Sundarbans we fear the tigers the most.\"AP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, February 1, 201526. Wide of moving boat27. Various of nets put up along the Tiger reserve to stop tiger straying into villages28. SOUNDBITE (Bengali): Anil Mistry, Tiger Conservationist, Wildlife Protection Society of India:\"The netting is an obstacle for the tigers. If they (tigers) stumble upon these nets then they change their mood and go back into the forest. The tigers often used to cross the river in search for food and enter the villages. These nets have stopped the tiger straying (into villages).\"29. Various of Nepal Sardar wearing a mask on the back of his face walking with other villagers30. Tracking shot of feet31. Close of mask32. SOUNDBITE (Bengali): Nepal Sardar, 36, Villager \"We fear the tiger might attack us (when we go in the forest), that's why we wear the mask. On seeing the mask on the back of our heads the tiger turns back.\"AP Television Sundarban, West Bengal, January 31, 201533. Various of a villager repairing his boat34. SOUNDBITE (English): Anurag Danda, Sudarbans Programme Head, World Wide Fund for Nature:\"Most of the conflicts actually happen when people come to the forests either to you know hunt for fish, crabs, get honey and that's when most of the casualties occur.\"Global Tiger Forum Kanha Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh - April 201435. Mid of a tigerAP TelevisionSundarban, West Bengal, January 31, 201536. SOUNDBITE (English): Anurag Danda, Sudarbans Programme Head, World Wide Fund for Nature:\"If there are tigers outside the tiger reserve, I'm sure this conservation is working.\"37. Mid of a villager38. Mid of sunset over Sundarban deltaLEAD-IN: India's tiger population has gone up 30 percent in just four years according to a government census. But experts say the figures are misleading and potentially damaging to future tiger conservation efforts.STORYLINE: At first, the numbers seem impressive: India's tiger population has gone up 30 percent in just four years. The government lauded the news as astonishing evidence of victory in conservation.But the World Wildlife Conservation society India says such a large increase - to 2,226 big cats - in such a short a time doesn't make sense. It's claims an enthusiastic new government under Prime Minister Narendra Modi may be exaggerating the numbers, trumpeting false claims of a thriving tiger population that could hurt conservation in the long run. The census figures were completed in January, and were further publicised last week (April 6th 2015), when the government offered details of the data. Environment Minister Prakash Javadekar boasted of a 30 percent population increase. And Prime Minister Modi rounded that up, saying tiger numbers had seen \"about a 40 percent increase\".  \"Feels good to hear it,\" he said. However K. Ullas Karanth, science director for the Wildlife Conservation Society in Asia says the census is flawed. \"The census attempt to estimate tiger numbers over large parts of India and the country are deeply flawed. The methodology has never been published in a peer reviewed scientific journal, one piece of it was published and that has been now shown to be fundamentally wrong.\" At least 110 tigers were killed in 2011-14, barely a drop from the 118 poached in 2007-10, according to the Wildlife Protection Society of India.Globally, experts believe the best that can be hoped for is a 50 percent increase in the world population over 10 years  - a much more modest rate of growth.Such incongruities have happened before. India claimed a 17 percent increase between 2006 and 2010, even though tiger habitats shrank by some 40 percent. This latest census differs in an important way from earlier tallies: It estimates India's entire wild tiger population, while preceding counts focused only on cats in sanctuaries and reserves. \"I'd prefer to say there are 30 percent more known tigers, rather than say there is actually an increase in tigers. We might not have counted them all earlier,\" says  Anurag Danda of the World Wildlife Fund in the Sundarbans, one of many groups that participated in the census.\"What we would earlier do is, we would essentially count tigers only in tiger reserves. And now we also count tigers outside the tiger reserve, because there are so few and India being the last stronghold we have to count as many of them as possible and protect each one of them. And therefore it makes good sense to count every tiger, wherever you find them�irrespective inside the tiger reserve or outside the tiger reserve,\" explains Danda. Scientists also question the absence of independent oversight in the government-organized census. And some say that one census every four years is not enough.When India says it now is home to 2,226 tigers, what it is giving is an estimate, a best-guess based on a technique called index-calibration that combines small-scale cat counts and, through complex calculations, extrapolates them to a national total. Those counts are conducted by various groups including forest rangers, independent scientists and tiger charities.The methods used vary from photographing individual tigers to analysing tiger droppings and paw prints.This technique, which India adopted in 2006, is by no means perfect according to an Oxford-led study published in February by the journal Methods in Ecology and Evolution.The report suggested the data collection was too erratic to be used for predicting cat populations.Scientists also question the absence of independent oversight in the government-organised census and some say that one census every four years is not enough.Rajesh Gopal, who headed the government's National Tiger Conservation Authority from its beginning in 2006 until January, when he joined the Global Tiger Forum says the criticism of the census is unfair, but he does agree that the government is overstating its achievements with the figure of 30 percent. . \"The difference between this and the earlier method is - this is a sampling based method, it can be subjected to statistical validation unlike the earlier pug mark method which is a total count and also you have the camera captures of individual tigers with you. For example, in this particular method�.process of 2014 assessment, the recent one, we have more than�almost 1500 individual tiger photographs. \" Gopal explains. Despite a heaving 1.2 billion human population, India still manages to keep about 70 percent of the world's wild tigers on less than 25 percent of the world's tiger habitat. That's partly a credit to its vast rural population, which long ago learned to live in relative proximity to the stealthy beasts.But many of them living close to the tiger reserves, live in fear of the big cat. Rinku Sardar, who lives on one of the inhabited islands of the Sundarbans delta, says she lives with constant terror of tigers. \"I fear the tigers the most. They cross over (swim) and kill people,\" she says. Another villager, Anita Mondol echoes Sardar's concern. Densely populated with some of India's poorest people, tigers will roam into villages and attack livestock. They will swim kilometres between islands and ambush people.  \"I fear the tigers. They (tigers) sometimes break our doors, enter our houses and we fear of them attacking people, cows, goats�everything. In Sundarbans we fear the tigers the most,\" says Mondol. To dissuade the tigers from leaving the sanctuary, the government maintains a vast stretch of nylon netting set up around the mangroves that line the tiger reserve's islands coasts. Conservationist Anil Mistry from the Wildlife Protection Society of India says it works.\"The netting is an obstacle for the tigers. If they stumble upon these nets then they change their mood and go back into the forest,\" he says.But for the poor villagers living in the delta, the forest is key to their livelihood.Nepal Sardar wears two faces while searching the forest for honey. One is trained to the trees and looking for bees, the other is painted on a mask strapped to the back of his head staring down any tigers that might approach from behind.\"We fear the tiger might attack us (when we go in the forest), that's why we wear the mask. On seeing the mask on the back of our heads the tiger turns back,\" he explains. Sardar now has a few more tigers to worry about than the 70 estimated four years ago to be living in the watery Sundarbans delta region.Mistry agrees that the masks help. Tigers usually prefer to attack from behind, and if they think someone is facing them, they may just walk away. \"Most of the conflicts actually happen when people come to the forests either to you know hunt for fish, crabs, get honey and that's when most of the casualties occur,\" adds Danda. The villagers say they have no choice but to go in search for crabs and fish to eat, firewood to burn or honeycomb to sell at market. India is keenly aware of its international responsibility in preserving the iconic animals. And in truth, experts say, it is managing pretty well, maintaining corridors for the tigers to move between reserves and cracking down on poachers, with some states giving forest rangers the right to shoot suspected poachers on sight.Patrolling has improved in the country's 47 tiger reserves, though they cover less than 2 percent of India's total land mass or about 53,500 square kilometers (20,700 square miles). But India could improve further, for example, by building up populations of prey such as deer, or starting anti-poaching patrols on the 300,000 square kilometers (116,000 square miles) of unprotected forest otherwise suitable for tigers.Danda interprets the latest numbers more conservatively than some government officials, but he agrees they show that conservation efforts appear to be working: \"Otherwise, how come we have so many tigers outside the tiger reserves?\" \"If there are tigers outside the tiger reserve, I'm sure this conservation is working,\" says Danda. ====Clients are reminded: (i) to check the terms of their licence agreements for use of content outside news programming and that further advice and assistance can be obtained from the AP Archive on: Tel +44 (0) 20 7482 7482 Email: info@aparchive.com. 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data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: Experts cast doubt on tiger census\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"Experts cast doubt on tiger census\" title=\"Experts cast doubt on tiger census\" onError=\"handleImageNotLoadedError(this)\" data-default-image=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" data-src=\"https://static.lp.lexp.cloud/images/attachment_defaults/resource/large/missing.png\" width=\"315\" height=\"220\" src=\"data:image/png;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs\" /\u003e\n\u003cspan aria-hidden='true' class='flex justify-center items-center bg-white rounded-full w-16 h-16 absolute top-1/2 left-1/2 -mt-8 -ml-8 cursor-pointer z-0 border-2 border-primary drop-shadow-md lp-boclips-thumbnail-playBtn'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fa-solid fa-play text-primary text-3xl ml-1 drop-shadow-xl'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n"}