{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Calls for site of lightning storms to be recognised as world heritage site' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c556d8eafeecae16f7dc' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c556d8eafeecae16f7dc' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nCalls for site of lightning storms to be recognised as world heritage site\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP TelevisionCongo Mirador, Venezuela - November 20091. Wide of sunset over Catatumbo River2. Medium of cloud where lightning starts 3. Medium of sunset over Catatumbo River, boat moves past shack on stilts4. Medium of lightning as it...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eCongo Mirador, Venezuela - November 2009\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide of sunset over Catatumbo River\u003cbr/\u003e2. Medium of cloud where lightning starts \u003cbr/\u003e3. Medium of sunset over Catatumbo River, boat moves past shack on stilts\u003cbr/\u003e4. Medium of lightning as it illuminates river and home built on stilts \u003cbr/\u003e5. Wide of lightning bolt striking in background \u003cbr/\u003e6. Medium of lightning \u003cbr/\u003e7. Medium of lightning illuminating pier area\u003cbr/\u003e 8. Medium of lightning flashing as it illuminates river and home built on stilts \u003cbr/\u003e9. Wide of sunrise \u003cbr/\u003e10. Medium of rain falling on river \u003cbr/\u003e11. Wide of town of Congo Mirador \u003cbr/\u003e12. Close of sign of boat \u003cbr/\u003e13. Medium of woman washing sheet in river \u003cbr/\u003e14. Medium of clothes line \u003cbr/\u003e15. Medium of Congo Mirador resident and community leader Edin Hernandez and head of tourism Nereida Noguera \u003cbr/\u003e16. SOUNDBITE(Spanish) Edin Hernandez, community leader and resident of Congo Mirador\u003cbr/\u003e\"Many years ago, our parents and grandparents would tell us that the lightning existed since they could remember and they would use the lightning as a guide to navigate along the lake, in their small boats. They would use the lightning as a guide to get to the south of the lake. They would travel from north to south and would arrive at the southern tip of the lake.\u003cbr/\u003e17. Close of lightning bolt striking across clouds \u003cbr/\u003e18.Wide of lightning over river \u003cbr/\u003e19.Close of lightning bolt among clouds \u003cbr/\u003e20. Wide of sky as lightning strikes several times \u003cbr/\u003e21. Medium of group looking at lightning (UPSOUND Erik Quiroga, Environmentalist: (pointing to sky) \"It has to go across, that bolt is 300,000 amperes.\"\u003cbr/\u003e22 . Wide of sky lighting up as lightning strikes \u003cbr/\u003e23. Close of sky as it lights up \u003cbr/\u003e24. Wide of lightning\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eCaracas, Venezuela - November 2009\u003cbr/\u003e25. SOUNDBITE(Spanish) Ramon Velasquez, Meteorologist with the Logistical Aerial Command of the Venezuelan National Airforce \u003cbr/\u003e\"The lightning consists of electrical discharges that take place from cloud to cloud, with the discharges originating both in the upper and lower parts of the cloud.  The frequency is approximately 16 to 40 discharges per minute and the physical and chemical explanation behind this phenomenon is not yet fully explained.\"\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eCongo Mirador, Venezuela - November 2009\u003cbr/\u003e26. Wide of girl paddling on river\u003cbr/\u003e27. Close of girl and a friend paddling\u003cbr/\u003e28. Wide of boy arriving at school in boat \u003cbr/\u003e29. Close of boy tying boat to school and walking in \u003cbr/\u003e30. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Nereida Noguera, head of Tourism for Congo Mirador\u003cbr/\u003e\" Congo Mirador is the birthplace of the 'Relampago', and that is what we have to tell our kids here, to keep that in mind: that this is its birthplace and the lightning is like a child that we have to help grow so that when tourists arrive here they can say, 'Look, this is our child and we are proud to have it here.' That is what we have to tell our children here in Congo Mirador, that the lightning can be our treasure, that can lift us.\"\u003cbr/\u003e31. Medium of woman and son sitting washing a fish \u003cbr/\u003e32. Various young boy paddling his way toward the pier inside plastic makeshift canoe\u003cbr/\u003e33. Medium of dog watching from edge of house on stilts \u003cbr/\u003e34.Medium of boy pulling onto pier \u003cbr/\u003e35.Wide of boy walking on pier \u003cbr/\u003e36. Pan of Congo Mirador\u003cbr/\u003e37.Wide of lightning illuminating town scene \u003cbr/\u003e38.Medium of lightning bolt striking in background with boat in foreground \u003cbr/\u003e39.Medium of lightning bolt in sky \u003cbr/\u003e40.Wide of lightning flashes \u003cbr/\u003e41.Medium of lightning illuminating docked boat \u003cbr/\u003e42.Wide same\u003cbr/\u003e AP Television\u003cbr/\u003eCaracas, Venezuela - November 2009\u003cbr/\u003e43. SOUNDBITE(Spanish) Ramon Velasquez, Meteorologist with the Logistical Aerial Command of the Venezuelan National Airforce\u003cbr/\u003e\"The way in which the storms in Bogor (Java, Indonesia) generate is cloud to ground, ground to cloud and cloud to cloud, however, the Catatumbo lightning is over  90 percent cloud to cloud lightning. Another difference is that in Bogor and elsewhere in the world the duration of the storms is not more than one or two hours, however in Catatumbo the storm begins at approximately 7 or 8 in the evening and goes on until 4 or 5 in the morning of the next day.\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television\u003cbr/\u003eCongo Mirador, Venezuela - November 2009\u003cbr/\u003e44.Travelling shot of Catatumbo river\u003cbr/\u003e45.Medium of bubbling in areas with high concentration of methane, one of the possible causes of the lightning phenomenon \u003cbr/\u003e46.Close of bubbles \u003cbr/\u003e47. SOUNDBITE (Spanish) Erik Quiroga, Environmentalist\u003cbr/\u003e \"Why a Natural World Heritage Site? For a simple reason: to protect the ecosystems, which are fragile, under that international legal framework.  That is what is done there. That is why in Zulia, and even in Venezuela there is this need, this clamour, from all of us, environmentalists and non environmentalists, people who want the best for our planet, who want to preserve the best of our planet.\"\u003cbr/\u003e48. Pan of river with Zulia state flag\u003cbr/\u003e49. Close of lightning symbol in the Zulia state flag \u003cbr/\u003e50. SOUNDBITE(Spanish) Edin Hernandez community leader and resident of Congo Mirador\u003cbr/\u003e\"As the afternoon dies down, the sun disappears in the distance. Its pale reflections with the colour of ash. The river whispers its loves to the wind, as the infinite sun sets off to light up another world, while the Catatumbo lighthouse illuminates the abodes.\"\u003cbr/\u003e51. Wide of sunset\u003cbr/\u003e52. Wide of woman in boat\u003cbr/\u003e53. Medium of woman in boat rowing away from home\u003cbr/\u003e54. Medium of docked boat illuminated by lightning \u003cbr/\u003e55.Wide of pier illuminated by lightning \u003cbr/\u003e56.Close of end of pier illuminated by lightning \u003cbr/\u003e57.Lightning bolt in sky\u003cbr/\u003eThey say that lightning never strikes twice, but nothing could be further from the truth for residents of a small village in western Venezuela.\u003cbr/\u003eA unique meteorological phenomenon sets the sky alight for nearly half the year.\u003cbr/\u003eThe scientific community, though not yet unified as to the exact reason behind this phenomenon, wants it recognised as a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site.\u003cbr/\u003eCongo Mirador - home to the Relampago de Catatumbo, or Catatumbo Lightning.\u003cbr/\u003eAs the sun sets fishing boats make their way home with the day's catch just before night falls upon this quiet river village.\u003cbr/\u003eThe darkness, however, is short-lived, as a bright white flash pierces through it, illuminating the town's tin-roofed shacks and marking the beginning of the night's lightning show.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Catatumbo phenomenon is one of the longest single displays of continuous lightning in the world, lasting, on occasions, up to nine hours a night.\u003cbr/\u003eOn average the spectacle is visible over 160 nights a year from as far as 400 kilometres.\u003cbr/\u003eThe lightning bolts, which strike 16 to 40  times per minute, can reach an intensity of 400,000 amps.\u003cbr/\u003eRamon Velasquez, a meteorologist with the Logistical Aerial Command of the Venezuelan National Airforce explains the process:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The lightning consists of electrical discharges that take place from cloud to cloud, with the discharges originating both in the upper and lower parts of the cloud.\" \u003cbr/\u003eVelasquez is part of a team of academics and researchers who travelled to the region to study this unique phenomenon.\u003cbr/\u003eHe admits that no consensus has been reached among scientists on what exactly causes the recurrent lightning, however, experts have outlined several possibilities based on their studies.\u003cbr/\u003eA leading hypothesis points to the decomposition of organic materials in the area which produces large amounts of methane which is then absorbed into the atmosphere by the sun.\u003cbr/\u003eIn certain areas of the Catatumbo River, methane bubbles can be seen on the water surface.\u003cbr/\u003eOther studies suggest the phenomenon is caused by winds blowing from the Andean mountains, across vast areas of flooded marshlands, which generatee a substantial amount of low pressure in the region that creates a build up of  electrical charge in the surrounding atmosphere.\u003cbr/\u003eVelasquez insists, however, more studies are necessary in order to fully explain why the physical process occurs.\u003cbr/\u003eCongo Mirador lies just a few kilometres from the edge of Lake Maracaibo in the western Venezuelan state of Zulia.\u003cbr/\u003eThis community of around 100 families live in small wooden huts built on stilts a few feet above the water level on the Catatumbo river.\u003cbr/\u003eThe lightning has been part of life here for as long as people can remember.\u003cbr/\u003eCommunity leader Edin Hernandez has lived in Congo Mirador for over 60 years:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Many years ago, our parents and grandparents would tell us that the lightning existed since they could remember and they would use the lightning as a guide to navigate along the lake, in their small ships, they would use the lightning as a guide to get to the south of the lake. They would travel from north to south and would arrive at the southern tip of the lake.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe legend dates back even further however, to Spanish poet Lope de Vega's verses about Francis Drake written at the end of the 16th century.\u003cbr/\u003eIt tells of how the English pirate's clandestine plans to invade Venezuela by sailing at night across Lake Maracaibo were scuppered as the lightning of Catatumbo illuminated his ships.\u003cbr/\u003eDespite its magnificence, however, this phenomenon has not translated into a better quality of life for residents of Congo Mirador, a fact that frustrates both local authorities and residents alike.\u003cbr/\u003ePrimarily a fishing town, Congo, as locals often call it, appears to have changed little from its simple beginnings as a stop off point for fishermen in the late 1800's.\u003cbr/\u003eSmall boats are the only way of getting around, and the murky river water, while providing food, also serves for bathing, washing and cooking.\u003cbr/\u003eLarge families often cram up to eight people into their one room dwellings.\u003cbr/\u003eNereida Noguera heads the tourism department in the municipal capital of Los Encontrados, some 2 hours away by boat.\u003cbr/\u003eShe laments the difficulties many people face here and sees the �Rel�mpago� as a means to help the village progress.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Congo Mirador is the birthplace of the �Rel�mpago,� she says proudly.\u003cbr/\u003e\"And that is what we have to tell out kids here, to keep that in mind: that this is its birthplace and the lightning is like a son that we have to help grow so that when tourists arrive here they can say, 'Look, this is our son and we are proud to have it here.' That is what we have to tell our children here in Congo Mirador, that the lightning can be our treasure, that can lift us.\"\u003cbr/\u003eResidents say the national government has not done enough to promote the Catatumbo lightning, and while they admit the town currently lacks the necessary infrastructure to welcome tourists in large numbers, they assure that with a little help, they can make Congo Mirador ready to welcome outsiders.\u003cbr/\u003eAn influx of tourists, they hope, can help generate much needed revenue for the town.\u003cbr/\u003eCurrently tourists can witness this singular phenomenon via one night excursions that depart from M�rida, a small Andean city several hours away. \u003cbr/\u003eThus far, however, those tours have not directly benefited locals in the area.\u003cbr/\u003eAlthough there are similar electric phenomena elsewhere in the world, the Catatumbo lightning still stands in a category of its own. \u003cbr/\u003eIn Bogor, Indonesia, for example, lightning storms are visible for nearly the entire year, but, as Velasquez points out, they generally last an hour or two, fading in comparison to the night long storms in Catatumbo.  \u003cbr/\u003eAnother major difference, he adds, is that \"the way in which the storms in Bogor generate is cloud to ground, ground to cloud and cloud to cloud, however, the Catatumbo lightning is over  90 percent cloud to cloud lightning.\"\u003cbr/\u003eIt is this partly this uniqueness that makes it so important to promote efforts to preserve the phenomenon, says Erik Quiroga, an environmentalist who has travelled to the region on several occasions and written extensively on the subject.\u003cbr/\u003eHe is part of a group that is proposing that the Catatumbo Lightning be recognised as a Natural Heritage Site by the United Nations, partly, he says, due to its positive impact on the environment.\u003cbr/\u003eQuiroga supports a widely discussed theory that the lightning storms generate enough ozone to replenish the damaged Ozone layer.\u003cbr/\u003eWhile scientists at large agree that the Catatumbo phenomenon, like all electrical storms, generate ozone, they stop short of describing it as a significant regenerator of the ozone layer, given that the ozone it produces reaches only the tropospheric atmosphere.\u003cbr/\u003eFor Quiroga, however, UNESCO recognition  is necessary \"to protect these ecosystems, which are fragile, within this international framework.\"\u003cbr/\u003e\"That�s why in Zulia, in Venezuela, there is a call going out from all of us who want a better planet. We want to maintain the best it has to offer.\"\u003cbr/\u003eHe's also proposing that  November 27th be recognised as the day of the ``Rel�mpago� in the state of Zulia.\u003cbr/\u003eCertainly the lightning of Catatumbo has a special place in the the region�s identity; the state flag maintains a lightning bolt across its centre while mention of it can even be found in the state anthem.\u003cbr/\u003eAfter more than half a century in Congo Mirador, Hern�ndez is still as proud as ever of the natural phenomenon that he has seen countless times.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd as he recounts a poem, written by member of his family about the ``Rel�mpago�, his eyes sparkle as if he is remembering an old friend.\u003cbr/\u003e\"As the afternoon dies down, the sun disappears in the distance, its pale reflections with the colour of ash, the river whispers its loves to the wind, as the infinite sun sets off to light up another world, while the Catatumbo lighthouse illuminates the 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