{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Biofuel research may keep tobacco industry from going up in smoke' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c3ccd8eafeecae163fb0' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c3ccd8eafeecae163fb0' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nBiofuel research may keep tobacco industry from going up in smoke\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eBerkeley, California - 7 May 20131. Researcher walks up to tobacco plant in greenhouse on UC Berkeley campus2. Researcher inspects tobacco plant3. Close of  tobacco leaf  4. SOUNDBITE (English): Peggy Lemaux (\"la-mow\") - Researcher - UC...\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eBerkeley, California - 7 May 2013\u003cbr/\u003e1. Researcher walks up to tobacco plant in greenhouse on UC Berkeley campus\u003cbr/\u003e2. Researcher inspects tobacco plant\u003cbr/\u003e3. Close of  tobacco leaf  \u003cbr/\u003e4. SOUNDBITE (English): Peggy Lemaux (\"la-mow\") - Researcher - UC Berkeley Dept. of Plant \u0026amp;amp; Microbial Biology \u003cbr/\u003e\"Tobacco was, to us, a perfect one because it's not something people eat. The infrastructure for growing it, harvesting it, producing it, is all there so we thought that was an excellent choice to make fuels.\"\u003cbr/\u003e5. Tobacco leaves\u003cbr/\u003e6. Close up of lab worker clipping leaf from tobacco plant\u003cbr/\u003e7. Close up of tobacco leaf being cut \u003cbr/\u003e8. Mid of lab worker wide\u003cbr/\u003e9. Close up of lab worker putting pieces of leaf into petri dish\u003cbr/\u003e10. Mid of shaker separation table in lab, table shaking containers \u003cbr/\u003e11. Close up of tobacco extract oil being separated on shaker table\u003cbr/\u003e12. Close of separation \u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English) Anastasios Melis, UC Berkeley Biologist:\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is the total lipophilic extract from tobacco leaves. We have modified the tobacco leaves so that they accumulate oils inside the air spaces within the leaf. As part of the protocol that we developed, we're removing all lipophilic products including the chlorophylls and the other chlorophyll compounds and that's what you're looking at now.\"\u003cbr/\u003e14. Close up of tobacco extract in large tubes\u003cbr/\u003e15. Close up of condensed tobacco oil in smaller test tubes\u003cbr/\u003e16. Close up of row of small tobacco plants growing in lab\u003cbr/\u003e17. Extreme close up of small tobacco plant\u003cbr/\u003eThe troubled tobacco industry may be getting some good news for a change. \u003cbr/\u003eUS scientists are engineering the tobacco plant to produce oils that, when extracted, can serve as biofuels to power airplanes, cars, trucks and other machines.\u003cbr/\u003ePeople are looking for all kind of alternatives to traditional fuel sources.\u003cbr/\u003eAnd as the habit of smoking decreases across the developed world, tobacco growers are looking to put their assets to good use. \u003cbr/\u003eScientists at the department of Plant \u0026amp;amp; Microbial Biology of Berkeley University in California are pioneering the research.\u003cbr/\u003eSuccess would allow farmers who have been growing tobacco for generations to continue the tradition for a different purpose, while taking advantage of an infrastructure established to serve the diminishing cigarette, cigar and snuff markets.\u003cbr/\u003ePeggy G. Lemaux, UC Cooperative Extension specialist at Berkeley, is a lead researcher in the project.\u003cbr/\u003e\"Tobacco was, to us, a perfect one because it's not something people eat. The infrastructure for growing it, harvesting it, producing it, is all there so we thought that was an excellent choice to make fuels.\"\u003cbr/\u003eShe lists more reasons: tobacco is a high biomass crop. And, since it is not a food source, tobacco production for biofuel would not have an impact on global food markets or find its way into the food supply. \u003cbr/\u003eHowever, there are no tobacco varieties that produce oil at high levels. Scientists know that certain algae do turn sunlight energy into oil, and that sparked an idea.\u003cbr/\u003eThe scientists' goal is to engineer tobacco plants with algal genes so that they use energy from sunlight to produce various biofuels directly in their leaves. These could then be harvested, crushed and the fuel extracted. \u003cbr/\u003eLemaux - together with fellow researchers Anastasios Melis and Krishna Niyogi - have already developed an extraction method to extract the oils from the green outer portion of the leaf.\u003cbr/\u003eTo do that, the consortium scientists are using very small pieces of tobacco leaves to introduce the desired algal genes.\u003cbr/\u003eThe small pieces of leaf tissue are then placed in a Petri dish, the tissues that contain the introduced genes identified, and then the tissues grow into a new plant, every cell of which contains the algal genes.\u003cbr/\u003eAnastasios Melis, a UC Berkeley Biologist, shows the result:\u003cbr/\u003e\"This is the total lipophilic extract from tobacco leaves. We have modified the tobacco leaves so that they accumulate oils inside the air spaces within the leaf. As part of the protocol that we developed, we're removing all lipophilic products including the chlorophylls and the other chlorophyll compounds and that's what you're looking at now.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe scientists estimate that about 1-thousand acres (404 hectares) of tobacco could yield more than one (m) million gallons (3.78 million litres) of fuel.\u003cbr/\u003eBut much more research is required before tobacco plants that produce biofuel at commercial levels will be available to growers.\u003cbr/\u003eThe research is funded with a three-year 4.8 (m) million US Dollars grant from a US Department of Energy,  Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy program termed PETRO, Plants Engineered to Replace Oil. 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