{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-572d6a42.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-f4d0de30.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Drought threatening wildlife in Australia\u0026#39;s Murray Darling basin' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c36fd8eafeecae16144f' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c36fd8eafeecae16144f' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nDrought threatening wildlife in Australia\u0026#39;s Murray Darling basin\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eAP Television NewsClayton, South Australia, 30 August 20091. Wide of jetties surrounded by grass on dry foreshore2. Pull out from boat stranded on grass to wide of former wetlands 3. Wide of birds in small lake surrounded by grass 4....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eAP Television News\u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide of jetties surrounded by grass on dry foreshore\u003cbr/\u003e2. Pull out from boat stranded on grass to wide of former wetlands \u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide of birds in small lake surrounded by grass \u003cbr/\u003e4. Pull out from solitary bird on rock to wide of newly-built dam \u003cbr/\u003e5. Tracking shot of pelican flying past dam \u003cbr/\u003e6. Wide of local birdwatcher Marian Thompson looking through reeds \u003cbr/\u003e7. Close of Thompson's hands pulling reeds aside \u003cbr/\u003e8. SOUNDBITE (English): Marion Thompson, local birdwatcher:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Before the water levels dropped, along this little patch of the river, there was a very rich diversity of birdlife and, of course, all the insects and the kind of things they feed on, many birds nesting in the reeds, and the water birds, swamp hens, coots, all those kinds of things.\" \u003cbr/\u003eFILE - AuBC - No Access Australia\u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 25 November 2002\u003cbr/\u003e9. Pan across shore with high water levels\u003cbr/\u003e10. Wide of water birds feeding on mudflats\u003cbr/\u003e11. Close of birds\u003cbr/\u003e12. Pull out from birds feeding to wide of shoreline\u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e13. SOUNDBITE (English): Marion Thompson, local birdwatcher:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Since the water levels dropped over the last two years, as you can see if you look out there, I can't see a bird from here at the moment, except for some opportunistic birds that are here taking advantage of things like dead mussels. All the mussels in the river have died and been washed up.\" \u003cbr/\u003e14. Wide of two pelicans flying \u003cbr/\u003e15. SOUNDBITE (English): Marion Thompson, local birdwatcher:\u003cbr/\u003e\"Certainly the pelicans have very much declined. I used to see between 50 and 100 a day at the jetty here, I'd say perhaps six this morning.\" \u003cbr/\u003e16. Wide of Freshwater Embassy on lakeshore \u003cbr/\u003e17. Various of Professor Diane Bell, environmental campaigner and local resident, wading through waters to collect sample for pH testing\u003cbr/\u003e18. Various close ups of Bell dipping litmus paper in water \u003cbr/\u003e19. Close of pH testing result of 6.5 \u003cbr/\u003e20. SOUNDBITE (English): Professor Diane Bell, environmental campaigner and local resident:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We've got a slightly acidic reading. It's not dangerous; it's exactly what you would expect from this river. The danger is that it has been cut off, and so it can't do its own remediation, which is what it would be doing right now.\" \u003cbr/\u003e21. Wide of dam \u003cbr/\u003e22. SOUNDBITE (English): Professor Diane Bell, environmental campaigner and local resident:\u003cbr/\u003e\"What I've seen is this slow loss, and shifting habitats. Say the freshwater birds moving further and further up the tributaries, looking for that fresh water. I remember vividly the day last year when I walked out onto my foreshore on the Finniss River and there was a line of dead mussels, freshwater mussels. They had just been overwhelmed by the salinity. Not by the acidity, by the salinity.\" \u003cbr/\u003eAdelaide, South Australia, 31 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e23. Set-up shot of Anne Jensen from the University of Adelaide's Environment Institute walking along the River Torrens\u003cbr/\u003e24. SOUNDBITE (English): Anne Jensen, University of Adelaide Environment Institute:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The prediction of acidity in the lakes is a very scary one. And we have an example of a wetland that became acid in the mid Murray near Mildura, and that one went to a pH of 2, and has stayed as acidified, and as unable to be, so far, to be rectified.\" \u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e25. Wide of solitary pelican flying \u003cbr/\u003eAdelaide, South Australia, 31 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE (English): Anne Jensen, University of Adelaide Environment Institute:\u003cbr/\u003e\"We're very concerned, because this isn't natural change. We're talking about very rapid rate of change and the loss of species, even extinctions.\" \u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e27. Tilt down across sign at Freshwater Embassy listing species threatened by lack of fresh water\u003cbr/\u003e28. Close of sign with turtle reading (English): Save my home \u003cbr/\u003eAdelaide, South Australia, 31 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e29. SOUNDBITE (English): Anne Jensen, University of Adelaide Environment Institute:\u003cbr/\u003e\"The system can't wait until we've got enough water to spare. It has to be included amongst the desperate users right now, and that's very difficult for some people to agree to because they think that people are more important than trees and fish and birds. But what they don't see is that if our river collapses, if the system collapses, it won't be able to support us.\" \u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e30. Wide of paddle steamer attempting to sail into harbour \u003cbr/\u003e31. Mid of paddle steamer stuck in shallow waters\u003cbr/\u003eAdelaide, South Australia, 31 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e32. SOUNDBITE (English): Karlene Maywald, South Australian Minister for the River Murray:\u003cbr/\u003e\"If the risks of doing nothing and hoping that nature might recover could lead to a catastrophic environmental event such as acidification of very large areas of critical environmental importance, the decision is not that difficult to take. It's difficult to take from a public opinion perspective because there are many in the community who have very strong opinions about what should and what should not be done. However, as a government I am faced with the decision between the risk of doing nothing being far greater than the risk of some intervention, and that the risk of doing nothing...the consequences are absolutely catastrophic, whereas the risk of doing something may create freshwater refuges that will lead to a better recovery in the longer term.\" \u003cbr/\u003eClayton, South Australia, 30 August 2009\u003cbr/\u003e33. Wide of boat stranded on grass \u003cbr/\u003e34. Wide of jetty surrounded by grass on dry foreshore\u003cbr/\u003e35. Wide of flags flying at half mast above river\u003cbr/\u003eThousands of fish and shellfish have perished and flocks of birds have been driven away from the Lower Lakes of Australia's Murray Darling basin because of the severe drought.\u003cbr/\u003eNow scientists, politicians and residents are struggling to find the best way to save the area's threatened wildlife.\u003cbr/\u003eClayton lies on the shore of South Australia's Lower Lakes, 90 kilometres (56 miles) south of Adelaide.\u003cbr/\u003eIn 1985 this region was recognised by the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance.\u003cbr/\u003eBut due to Australia's continuing drought, nowadays there's more grass than water to be seen here.\u003cbr/\u003eThe lakes contain a combination of saltwater from the sea, and freshwater which flows down through the Murray-Darling basin, Australia's largest river system which crosses four states and covers 14 per cent of the country.\u003cbr/\u003eBut over-allocation of the Murray River's resources in the upstream states has left this part of South Australia facing an environmental catastrophe.\u003cbr/\u003eThe overuse of the river's freshwater supply has reduced flows to this area, with threefold effects.\u003cbr/\u003eFirstly, the lack of water has caused falling river levels, leaving boats high and dry and destroying wetland habitats.\u003cbr/\u003eSecondly, the change in the balance of freshwater and seawater has caused the salinity of the lakes to rise.\u003cbr/\u003eThirdly, the reduction in surface water has exposed acid sulphate soils on dry river beds, potentially creating a highly acidic solution when mixed with rain and future water flows.\u003cbr/\u003eThe state government considers the acid problem such a serious threat to wildlife that it has begun building dams to block off areas of the lake system to stop acid waters contaminating the entire region.\u003cbr/\u003eThe dam at Clayton was built in late August.\u003cbr/\u003eBut it has faced vocal opposition from local residents and environmental campaigners, who say the threat of acidification has been exaggerated.\u003cbr/\u003eThey're deeply concerned about the destruction of Clayton's habitat for birds and other wildlife, but believe the building of dams will only lead to other parts of the Lower Lakes being cut off and ruined in the long-term.\u003cbr/\u003eMarion Thompson has been bird-watching at Clayton for eight years.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says when she first started coming here, the now deserted shoreline was a haven for water birds and other wildlife.\u003cbr/\u003eIn 2002, water levels at Clayton were noticeably higher, and a wide variety of bird life could be sighted in the wetlands.\u003cbr/\u003eBut the lack of freshwater flows into this part of the river system, coupled with a change in the composition of the water, has forced many species away.\u003cbr/\u003eThompson says these days she rarely sees birds on the lake shore.\u003cbr/\u003eEven the pelicans, once a regular visitor to these waters, are now only sighted in small numbers.\u003cbr/\u003eLocal residents are so worried about the threat to wildlife caused by the drought and government intervention to build regulators that they've set up a 'Freshwater Embassy' on the shore at Clayton, to raise awareness of the plight of birds, animals and plants here.\u003cbr/\u003eProfessor Diane Bell from the River Lakes and Coorong Action Group lives locally, and is one of the founders of the embassy.\u003cbr/\u003eShe disagrees that the possibility of rising acidity in the Lower Lakes is posing a threat to wildlife.\u003cbr/\u003eBell regularly monitors the pH level of the water and says her results show that the lake is only mildly acidic.\u003cbr/\u003eShe believes the building of dams here is not justified by the threat of acidification, and that nature should be allowed to rectify the levels of its own accord.\u003cbr/\u003eThe state government hopes this regulator will stop the possibility of highly acidic water spreading through the lake network.\u003cbr/\u003eBut Bell argues it was an unnecessary intervention.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says it's the rising salinity in the water, caused by the lack of freshwater flows, that's the biggest danger to wildlife here.\u003cbr/\u003eBell and many other residents want to see extra freshwater channelled to the region, to help the lakes balance their pH and salinity levels.\u003cbr/\u003eBut some academics believe acidity is the most serious immediate threat.\u003cbr/\u003eAnne Jensen from the University of Adelaide's Environment Institute says there are examples of rivers elsewhere in Australia that turned so acidic they became impossible to save.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says the situation is too urgent to sit back and wait.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Lower Lakes have traditionally provided a habitat for several threatened species of Australian freshwater fish and birds.\u003cbr/\u003eJensen says the region also needs to be allocated more freshwater urgently, even if it means lowering water allocations for human needs.\u003cbr/\u003eAlthough parts of the lakes don't look dry, water levels are now so low that boats have been getting stuck.\u003cbr/\u003ePaddle steamers once moved freely around the Lower Lakes.\u003cbr/\u003eNow many of the jetties are high and dry, and even those still submerged are in water too shallow to be reached by large vessels.\u003cbr/\u003eKarlene Maywald is the Minister for the River Murray in South Australia's state government.\u003cbr/\u003eShe acknowledges the concerns of Lower Lakes residents that dam-building is a drastic response, but says the threat of acidity spreading across the system justifies immediate intervention.\u003cbr/\u003eThe drought South Australia is currently enduring is the worst since records began over a century ago. \u003cbr/\u003eWith continuing uncertainty about how freshwater availability will change in the future, Maywald says the government has the responsibility to take action now.\u003cbr/\u003eThe national Murray Darling Basin Authority took over management of the river's resources last year, ending decades of interstate arguing about water allocations.\u003cbr/\u003eIt is currently formulating a plan to be implemented in 2011 to determine how the Murray River's dwindling water supplies will be divided up, including how much freshwater will be reserved for the Lower Lakes.\u003cbr/\u003eUntil then, the debate continues as to whether damming, pumping, or letting nature run its course is the best way to safeguard what remains of this vastly changed habitat.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='action-container flex justify-between'\u003e\n\u003cbutton aria-expanded='false' aria-label='Read more description' class='rp-full-description' type='button'\u003e\n\u003ci class='fai fa-solid fa-align-left'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cspan id='read_more'\u003eRead More\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/button\u003e\n\u003cdiv 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data-placement=\"bottom\" data-trigger=\"click\" data-content=\"\u003cdiv class=\u0026quot;text-center py-2\u0026quot;\u003e\u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/auth/users/sign_in\u0026quot;\u003eSign in\u003c/a\u003e or \u003ca class=\u0026quot;bold text-danger\u0026quot; data-posthog-event=\u0026quot;Signup: LP Signup Activity\u0026quot; data-posthog-location=\u0026quot;body_link_boclips\u0026quot; data-remote=\u0026quot;true\u0026quot; href=\u0026quot;/subscription/new\u0026quot;\u003eJoin Now\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\" data-title=\"Get Full Access\" data-container=\"body\" rel=\"popover\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Play video: Drought threatening wildlife in Australia\u0026#39;s Murray Darling basin\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cimg class=\"resource-img img-thumbnail img-responsive z-10 lp-boclips-thumbnail w-full h-full lozad\" alt=\"Drought threatening wildlife in Australia\u0026#39;s Murray Darling basin\" title=\"Drought threatening wildlife 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