{"page":"\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/resources-c03aa079.css\" /\u003e\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https://lessonplanet.com/assets/packs/css/lp_boclips_stylesheets-517835be.css\" media=\"all\" /\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-title='Health warning about the traditional practice of breast ironing of young girls' data-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c348d8eafeecae1601c5' data-video-url='/boclips/videos/5c54c348d8eafeecae1601c5' id='bo_player_modal'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='boclips-resource-page modal-dialog panel-container'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='react-notifications-root'\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-header'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-type'\u003e\n\u003ci aria-hidden='true' class='fai fa-regular fa-circle-play'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\nVideo\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class='rp-title' id='video-title'\u003e\nHealth warning about the traditional practice of breast ironing of young girls\n\u003c/h1\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-actions'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='mr-1'\u003e\n\u003ca class=\"btn btn-success\" data-posthog-event=\"Signup: LP Signup Activity\" data-posthog-location=\"body_link_boclips\" data-remote=\"true\" href=\"/subscription/new\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGet Free Access\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"\"\u003e for 10 Days\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e!\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-body'\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-info'\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-label='Hide resource details' class='rp-hide-info' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u0026times;\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Expand resource details' class='rp-expand-info fai fa-solid fa-up-right-and-down-left-from-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003ci aria-label='Compress resource details' class='rp-compress-info fai fa-solid fa-down-left-and-up-right-to-center' role='button' tabindex='0'\u003e\u003c/i\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-rating'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='resource-pool'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-label'\u003ePublisher:\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='pool-name'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='text'\u003e\u003ca data-publisher-id=\"30356011\" href=\"/search?publisher_ids%5B%5D=30356011\"\u003eCurated Video\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class='rp-description'\u003e\n\u003cspan class='short-description'\u003eThese young Cameroon schoolchildren are about the age when most girls are subjected to breast ironing.The aim is to break down the tissue in the breast before the girl reaches puberty when she is regarded by men as sexually available....\u003c/span\u003e\n\u003cspan class='full-description hide'\u003eThese young Cameroon schoolchildren are about the age when most girls are subjected to breast ironing.\u003cbr/\u003eThe aim is to break down the tissue in the breast before the girl reaches puberty when she is regarded by men as sexually available. \u003cbr/\u003eThe practice is regarded here almost like a contraceptive. \u003cbr/\u003eHousewife Hortense Leundja has three daughters, all of whom have been subjected by her to breast ironing and she is willing to demonstrate how it is done.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says: \"I put the stone to be warmed on the fire, I controlled the temperature so that it does not warm too much. Because, if I do not control, it can burn the child. But once, that even burned her. Thus I controlled and I massage her breasts. I massage like that.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThat same stone is used to crush and grind food for the family's dinner.\u003cbr/\u003eHortense Leundja says she has no regrets and feels vindicated because none of her daughters are pregnant.\u003cbr/\u003eRocksane Tomen, 18, is a third year medical student.\u003cbr/\u003eShe is ahead of most of her school friends because most Cameroonians obtain their Advance level certificate towards the age of 20 and go to the university at 21.\u003cbr/\u003eRocksane Tomen remembers the experience and has vowed she will not subject her children to the practice.\u003cbr/\u003eShe says: \"When my mother ironed my breasts, it hurt me, it hurt me very much. But she had spoken to me and knowing that my mother cannot wish harm to me, she convinced me that breast ironing is good. Especially when the breast begins to grow prematurely because men pester women a lot. Even if you are a little girl, when a man sees that you already have breasts he begins to run after you to disturb (enforce sexual relations) with you. It is better to stop the breast growing until an (older) convenient age.\"\u003cbr/\u003eLeundja is concerned that her daughters practice sexual abstinence and considered the practice as a way of ensuring her children didn't give up their studies.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to the NGO, the German Society for International Cooperation , the practice is widespread.\u003cbr/\u003eThe Society's advisor and spokesman Flavien Ndonko says: \"In 2013, a study was conducted and approximately 12 percent of young girls undergo (breast ironing). That is about 1.200.000 girls victims of that practice.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThe Society's study claims the majority of these breast ironings were carried out when girls were eight years old and they were motivated by their mother's fear that their children might become pregnant.\u003cbr/\u003eBreast ironing is considered necessary because sex education has been considered taboo. \u003cbr/\u003eNow a campaign is underway to change all that.\u003cbr/\u003eIt's led by the \"Network of Aunties Association\" (Reseau National des Association de Tantines - RENATA), a network of more than 1000 women who all had their first child before the age of 17. \u003cbr/\u003eWomen like Jeanne Bella are determined to demonstrate contraceptives like the female condom, and contraceptives can be used to ensure against pregnancy.\u003cbr/\u003eCameroon's National Institute of Statistics, a government body, carried out a demographic survey in 2011.\u003cbr/\u003eIt reported that over a fifth of Cameroonian girls get pregnant before the age of 17 and a third of these girls abandon school as a result.\u003cbr/\u003eMaureen Obi Mbu is Executive Secretary at RENATA.\u003cbr/\u003eThe group argues the practice has serious health consequences including tissue damage, burns, deformities and cysts.\u003cbr/\u003eAccording to Maureen Obi Mbu: \"Breast ironing has physical, psychological and moral consequences for the girl. Physically we can see that sometimes breasts are not normal any more, one breast is bigger than the other one. We have cases of the total disappearance of breasts. There are girls who get breast cancer because of this practice.\"\u003cbr/\u003eThere has been no official clinical study proving cancer has been caused by breast ironing.\u003cbr/\u003eObi Mbu argues the country needs a nationwide programme of education about contraception.\u003cbr/\u003eObi Mbu says the GIZ report in 2013 discovered 32 percent of the women questioned complained of breast pain, 17 percent had cysts and abscesses, 13 per cent claimed heaviness and discomfort and eight per cent said their breasts were permanently deformed.\u003cbr/\u003eAfter another day of trying to change attitudes and prejudices Jeanne Bella returns home to her family.\u003cbr/\u003eJeanne Bella's grandmother forced breast ironing on her when she was just ten years old, but at 16 years old she still became pregnant and had to stop going to school because pregnant girls aren't allowed to attend classes.\u003cbr/\u003eBella says: \"Breast Ironing\" was not effective for me. My breasts hurt me, it left a pain in me, my breasts continued to grow up naturally, I got pregnant at the age of 16 and I gave birth at 17.\"\u003cbr/\u003eJeanne Bella is now aged 27.\u003cbr/\u003eShe is a single parent caring for a 10-year-old boy and a seven-year-old girl. \u003cbr/\u003eUnemployed and without diplomas she's now trying to computer training to increase her chances of finding work.\u003cbr/\u003eJeanne Bella's grandmother didn't use a stone. She is said to have used this wooden spatula instead.\u003cbr/\u003eBella says: \"My grandmother used a spatula as the one I have in my hand. The flame came out of the fire. She put the spatula on the fire so that it warms and she began to bang it on my breasts.Without lying to you it hurts me so much because when the breast start growing, it is like a small lump and it is these lumps that she banged to make them disappear. I had pain and I cried for hours and hours until I fell asleep.\"\u003cbr/\u003eBella is keen now to stress the need for education, but she believes the the battle for hearts and minds isn't being won.\u003cbr/\u003eThat's because despite the relative cheapness  of contraception here people are not using it.\u003cbr/\u003eA packet of  three condoms costs 100 FCfa (Cameroon Central African Franc) that converts to 20 US cents and is less than the price of a baguette in Cameroon. \u003cbr/\u003eA month's worth of contraceptive pills costs 900 FCfa ($1.95 US), yet only only a minority of women have access to any form of contraception. \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eYaounde, Cameroon - 9 December 2013\u003cbr/\u003e1. Wide of boys and girls in school uniform walking up street \u003cbr/\u003e2. Close-up of young girl's feet as she plays\u003cbr/\u003e3. Wide of children playing \u003cbr/\u003e4. Wide of girls wearing rucksacks running up street \u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eYaounde, Cameroon - 2 December 2013\u003cbr/\u003e5. Various of mother Hortense Leundja heating up ironing stone on cooker\u003cbr/\u003e6. Mid of Leundja holding the stone and talking to her daughter Rocksane who had breast ironing \u003cbr/\u003e7. Close-up of Leunja demonstrating how she used the stones\u003cbr/\u003e8. Close of the same stone being used to crush tomatoes and spices on a grinding stone \u003cbr/\u003e9. Wide of Leunja working at grinding stone \u003cbr/\u003e10. SOUNDBITE: (French) Hortense Leundja, mother and housewife:\u003cbr/\u003e\"I put the stone to be warmed on the fire. I controlled the temperature so that it does not warm too much because, if I do not control (the heat), it can burn the child. But once even that burned her. Thus I controlled and I massaged her breasts. I massaged like that.\"\u003cbr/\u003e11. Wide of Hortense Leundja walking across yard\u003cbr/\u003e12. Wide of Hortense Leundja with her other daughters \u003cbr/\u003e13. Various of Rocksane Tomen in yard \u003cbr/\u003e14. SOUNDBITE: (French) Rocksane Tomen, 18, had breast ironing:\u003cbr/\u003e\"When my mother ironed my breasts, it hurt me, it hurt me very much. But she had spoken to me and knowing that my mother cannot wish harm to me, she convinced me that breast ironing is good.  Especially when the breast begins to grow prematurely because men pester women a lot. Even if you are a little girl, when a man sees that you already have breasts he begins to run after you to disturb (enforce sexual relations) with you. It is better to stop the breast growing until an (older) convenient age.\"\u003cbr/\u003e15. Wide of Rocksane Tomen walking back into house \u003cbr/\u003eYaoundďż˝, January 24, 2014\u003cbr/\u003e16. Mid shot of Flavien Ndonko entering in the German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ)\u003cbr/\u003e17. Wide shot of Flavien Ndonko sitting down in the meeting room \u003cbr/\u003e18. Close of Flavien Ndonko reading a leaflet titled \"Campaign Against Breast Ironing\"\u003cbr/\u003e19. SOUNDBITE: (French), Flavien Ndonko, Adviser, German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ)\u003cbr/\u003e\"In 2013, a study was conducted and approximately 12 percent of young girls undergo (breast ironing). That is about 1.200.000 girl-victims of that practice.\"\u003cbr/\u003eYaoundďż˝, December 11, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e20. Close of a female condom being held by community worker Bella Jeanne from the \"Network of Aunties Association\" (RENATA)\u003cbr/\u003e21. Mid of Jeanne holding up condom to village youngsters and explaining how to to the condom \u003cbr/\u003e22. Close of Jeanne showing young people contraceptives pills\u003cbr/\u003e23. Various of Jeanne Bella talking to youngsters about sex education \u003cbr/\u003eYaounde, Cameroon December 9, 2013\u003cbr/\u003e24. Various of Maureen Obi Mbu entering her office and sitting at desk\u003cbr/\u003e25. Various of Maureen Obi Mbu writing in office diary \u003cbr/\u003e26. SOUNDBITE: (French), Maureen Obi Mbu, Executive Secretary, Reseau National des Association de Tantines (RENATA: Network of Aunties Assoc.)\u003cbr/\u003e\"Breast ironing has physical, psychological and moral consequences for the girl. Physically we can see that sometimes breasts are not normal any more, one breast is bigger than the other one. We have cases of the total disappearance of breasts. There are girls who get breast cancer because of this practice.\"\u003cbr/\u003e27. Close-up of Maureen Obi Mbu pointing to label reading: (French) \"Family planning\"\u003cbr/\u003e28. Various of Maureen Obi Mbu holding a condom packet \u003cbr/\u003e29. Wide of Maureen Obi Mbu looking at pamphlet on breast ironing \u003cbr/\u003e30. Close-up of leaflet showing photographs demonstrating how the body is distorted and misshapen by breast ironing\u003cbr/\u003e31. Mid of Maureen Obi Mbu pointing to photographs in the pamphlet\u003cbr/\u003eAP Television \u003cbr/\u003eYaounde, Cameroon - 11 December 2013\u003cbr/\u003e32. Various of streets in Yaounde\u003cbr/\u003e33. Various of Jeanne Bella being greeted and walking away with her two children\u003cbr/\u003e34. Mid of Bella talking on phone \u003cbr/\u003e35. Close of Bella holding the wooden spatula used by her grandmother to restrict her breast growth\u003cbr/\u003e36. SOUNDBITE: (French), Jeanne Bella, community worker, Network of Aunties Assoc. (RENATA: Reseau National des Association de Tantines)  \u003cbr/\u003e\"Breast Ironing was not effective for me. My breasts hurt me, it left a pain in me, my breasts continued to grow up naturally, I got pregnant at the age of sixteen and I gave birth at seventeen.\"\u003cbr/\u003e37. Various of Jeanne Bella helping her son Emile Junior with his homework\u003cbr/\u003e38. SOUNDBITE: (French) Jeanne Bella, Mother of two who had breast ironing: \u003cbr/\u003e\"My grandmother used a spatula as the one I have in my hand. The flame came out of the fire. She put the spatula on the fire so that it warms and she began to bang it on my breasts. Without lying to you, it hurt me so much because when the breast start growing, it is like a small lump and it is these lumps that she banged to make them disappear. I had pain and I cried for hours and hours until I fell asleep.\"\u003cbr/\u003e39. 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